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Calculate the hydrostatic difference in blood pressure between the brain and the foot in a person of height \(1.83 \mathrm{~m}\). The density of blood is \(1.06 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The hydrostatic difference in pressure is approximately 19,021 Pa.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Hydrostatic Pressure Difference

The hydrostatic pressure difference is the change in pressure due to the change in height in a fluid column. For a person standing, this difference depends on the height difference between the two points (the brain and the foot) and the density of blood.
02

Determine Height Difference

The height difference between the brain and the foot is given by the person's height. Here, the person's height is noted as the entire height from head to foot, which is 1.83 meters.
03

Use the Hydrostatic Pressure Formula

The formula for calculating the hydrostatic pressure difference is given by \[ \Delta P = \rho \cdot g \cdot h \]where \(\Delta P\) is the pressure difference,\(\rho = 1.06 \times 10^3 \, \text{kg/m}^3\) is the density of blood,\(g = 9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2\) is the acceleration due to gravity, and\(h = 1.83 \, \text{m}\) is the height difference.
04

Calculate Pressure Difference

Substitute the given values into the formula:\[ \Delta P = (1.06 \times 10^3 \, \text{kg/m}^3) \cdot (9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2) \cdot (1.83 \, \text{m}) \]Calculate this to find the pressure difference:\[ \Delta P = 1.06 \times 10^3 \, \times 9.81 \, \times 1.83 = 19021.338 \, \text{Pa} \]Therefore, the hydrostatic pressure difference is approximately \(19,021 \, \text{Pa}\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Density of Blood
Blood density is a vital factor when calculating hydrostatic pressure in the human body. The density of a fluid is defined as its mass per unit volume. It indicates how much a parcel of that fluid weighs. For blood, the density is approximately \(1.06 \times 10^3 \text{ kg/m}^3\). This number reveals that blood is denser than water. This is due to the presence of various cells and proteins within the fluid.
  • The density of blood influences how pressure acts within the circulatory system.
  • Higher density means a higher hydrostatic pressure for the same height difference.
When dealing with problems related to hydrostatic pressure, knowing the fluid density is crucial. It helps in understanding how gravitational forces translate into pressure differences. Always make sure to have the correct value of density when performing any calculations. This ensures accurate results and helps in understanding real physiological effects.
Height Difference
The height difference plays a key role in calculating hydrostatic pressure differences in fluids, including blood. In our example, the consideration is the height difference between brain and foot in a standing person. This difference is essentially equal to the person’s full height, which here is \(1.83 \text{ m}\).
  • Height difference determines how gravity impacts the fluid pressure.
  • More height means more pressure at the lower end.
When thinking about height in this context, consider how gravity acts downwards. This causes an increase in pressure the further down you go in a fluid column. Understanding this vertical aspect is critical for problems involving bodily or other fluid dynamics. Consistently apply this principle especially in medical or physical contexts where accurate pressure measurements matter.
Pressure Calculation
Calculating pressure differences in fluids involves a straightforward application of hydrostatic principles. The hydrostatic pressure formula \( \Delta P = \rho \cdot g \cdot h \) helps find out how fluid density, gravitational force, and height difference create pressure variation. Each component in this formula has its significance:
  • \( \rho \) is the fluid density, indicating mass concentration.
  • \( g \) is gravity, usually \(9.81 \text{ m/s}^2\), acting on the fluid.
  • \( h \) is the height difference, showing the vertical range of pressure impact.
Applying these values step by step ensures precise and verifiable results. Through substituting the known values in the formula, we calculated the pressure as approximately \( 19,021 \text{ Pa}\). This numeric approach helps solidify the understanding of how vertical height and fluid density come together to influence pressures in everyday physical scenarios, like the circulatory system.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Suppose that you release a small ball from rest at a depth of \(0.600 \mathrm{~m}\) below the surface in a pool of water. If the density of the ball is \(0.300\) that of water and if the drag force on the ball from the water is negligible, how high above the water surface will the ball shoot as it emerges from the water? (Neglect any transfer of energy to the splashing and waves produced by the emerging ball.)

How much work is done by pressure in forcing \(1.4 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\) of water through a pipe having an internal diameter of \(13 \mathrm{~mm}\) if the difference in pressure at the two ends of the pipe is \(1.0 \mathrm{~atm} ?\)

A partially evacuated airtight container has a tight-fitting lid of surface area \(77 \mathrm{~m}^{2}\) and negligible mass. If the force required to remove the lid is \(480 \mathrm{~N}\) and the atmospheric pressure is \(1.0 \times 10^{5}\) \(\mathrm{Pa}\), what is the internal air pressure?

A garden hose with an internal diameter of \(1.9 \mathrm{~cm}\) is connected to a (stationary) lawn sprinkler that consists merely of a container with 24 holes, each \(0.13 \mathrm{~cm}\) in diameter. If the water in the hose has a speed of \(0.91 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\), at what speed does it leave the sprinkler holes?

The volume of air space in the passenger compartment of an \(1800 \mathrm{~kg}\) car is \(5.00 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\). The volume of the motor and front wheels is \(0.750 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\), and the volume of the rear wheels, gas tank, and trunk is \(0.800 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\); water cannot enter these two regions. The car rolls into a lake. (a) At first, no water enters the passenger compartment. How much of the car, in cubic meters, is below the water surface with the car floating (Fig. 14-43)? (b) As water slowly enters, the car sinks. How many cubic meters of water are in the car as it disappears below the water surface? (The car, with a heavy load in the trunk, remains horizontal.)

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