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MooneffectSome people believe that the Moon controls their activities. If the Moon moves from being directly on the opposite side of Earth from you to being directly overhead, by what percent does (a) the Moon鈥檚 gravitational pull on you increase and (b) your weight (as measured on a scale) decrease? Assume that the Earth鈥揗oon (center-to-center) distance is3.82108mand Earth鈥檚 radius is6.37106m.

Short Answer

Expert verified

a) The Moon鈥檚 gravitational pull will increase by 6.9 %

b) Your weight will decrease by2.3102%

Step by step solution

01

The given data

The Earth-Moon (center-to-center) distance, rme=3.82108m

The radius of the Earth,re=6.37106m.

i)M=Massofmoon

ii)Me=Massofearth

02

Understanding the concept of Newton’s law of gravitation

According to Newton鈥檚 law of gravitation, the force between the two objects is directly proportional to the masses of the bodies in the system and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Formula:

Gravitational force,

F=GMmr2 (i)

03

(a) Calculating the increase in the gravitational pull

Using equation (i), Force between you and Moon at the initial position can be given as:

F1=GMmrme+re2

Using equation (i), Force between you and Moon at the final position can be given as:

F2=GMmrme-re2

Ratio of two forces:

F2F1=GMmrme-re2rme-re2GMm=rme+re2rme-re2=3.82108m+6.37106m23.82108m-6.37106m2=1.069

%Increaseinforce=F2-F1F1100=F2F1-1100=1.069-1100=6.9%

There is an increase in 6.9% in the net gravitational force.

04

(b) calculating the decrease in weight

Now, calculate the decrease in the weight using the decrease in the gravitational acceleration or gravitational force.

%Decreaseinweight=W2-W1Actiualweight=GMmrme-re2-GMmrme-re2GMmre2100=4rmere3rme-re2rme-re2MMe100=43.82108m6.37106m33.82108m-6.37106m23.82108m+6.37106m27.361022kg5.981024kg100=2.28102%2.3102%

Therefore, there is a decrease of 2.3102%in weight.

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