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Question: What would be the height of the atmosphere if the air density (a) were uniform and (b) What would be the height of the atmosphere if the air density were decreased linearly to zero with height? Assume that at sea level the air pressure is 1.0 atmand the air density is 1.3 /m3.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Answer :

a) The height of atmosphere when density is uniform is 7.9 km

b) The height of atmosphere when density changes linearly to zero is 16 km

Step by step solution

01

The given data 

  1. Density of air,p=1.3kg/m3
  2. Air pressure at sea level, p=1.0atm
  3. Acceleration due to gravity,g=9.8m/s2
02

Understanding the concept of pressure dependency on density 

The atmospheric pressure depends on the density of the air. Therefore, if the density is constant, we can find the atmospheric pressure using the formula for pressure in terms of density, acceleration due to gravity, and height. From this, we can calculate the height. If the density is changing linearly with height, then we have to define a function, which would give us this change in density with height, and at a certain height, the density will be zero. Using this function, we can find the height for the second case.

Formula:

Pressure applied on a body, p=pgh (i)

03

a) Calculation of height when density d uniform 

Using equation (i) and the given values, the height can be found as:

1.01105=1.39.8hh=7927.79m=7.9km

Hence, the value of height at uniform density is 7.9 km.

04

b) Calculation of height when the atmospheric pressure changes linearly to zero.

Now, density changes uniformly with atmosphere, so we can write the density as

p=p0-p0yh

p0is the density of the air at the earth鈥檚 surface, 鈥榶鈥 is the height at which the density is measured, and h is the height at which the density is zero.

We can simplify this as:

p=p01-yh..........................................................1

Now, pressure as a function of height can be written as:

p=0hpgdy....................................................(2)

Putting value of equation (1) in equation (2), we get

p=ohp0g1-yhdyp=p0gyoh-pogh2h0hp=p0gh-p0gh2p=p0gh2h=2pp0g(equationforheight)

Now, substituting the given values, we have

h=21.011051.39.8=15855.573m=16km

Hence, the value of height when the atmospheric pressure changes linearly to zero is 16 km.

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