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Chapter 20: Q24P (page 605)
A Carnot engine absorbs 52 kJas heat and exhausts 36 kJas heat in each cycle. (a) Calculate the engine鈥檚 efficiency and (b) Calculate the work done per cycle in kilojoules.
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Energy can be removed from water as heat at and even below the normal freezing point (at atmospheric pressure) without causing the water to freeze; the water is then said to be supercooled. Suppose a 1.00 gwater drop is super-cooled until its temperature is that of the surrounding air, which is at. The drop then suddenly and irreversibly freezes, transferring energy to the air as heat. What is the entropy change for the drop? (Hint: Use a three-step reversible process as if the water were taken through the normal freezing point.) The specific heat of ice is.
A0.600kg sample of water is initially ice at temperature .What is the sample鈥檚 entropy change if its temperature is increased to ?
(a)Find the energy absorbed as heat and (b) Find the change in entropy of a 2.00 kg block of copper whose temperature is increased reversibly from torole="math" localid="1661323309034" . The specific heat of copper is 386 J/kgK.
A gas, confined to an insulated cylinder, is compressed adiabatically to half its volume. Does the entropy of the gas increase, decrease, or remain unchanged during this process?
A three-step cycle is undergone reversibly by 4.00 mol. of an ideal gas: (1) an adiabatic expansion that gives the gas 20times its initial volume, (2) a constant-volume process, (3) an isothermal compression back to the initial state of the gas. We do not know whether the gas is monatomic or diatomic; if it is diatomic, we do not know whether the molecules are rotating or oscillating. What are the entropy changes for (a) the cycle, (b) process 1, (c) process 3, and (d) process 2?
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