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(a) 鈥 (d) Complete the following table, which refers to the generalized fission reaction

U+nX+Y+bn235

Short Answer

Expert verified

Consider the given chemical equation as:

U+nX+Y+bn235.

Step by step solution

01

Given

Consider the given chemical equation as:

U+nX+Y+bn235.

02

Determine the concept

From the atomic and mass numbers given, determine the unknown isotope as well as the value of b.

03

(a) Figure out the unknown isotope

Note that the sum of superscripts (mass numbers A) must balance, as well as the sum of Z values (where reference to Appendix F or G is helpful). A neutron has Z=0 and A=1. Uranium has Z=92.

Since xenon has Z=54, then 鈥淵鈥 must have Z=92-54=38, which indicates the element strontium. The mass number of 鈥淵鈥 is

235+1-140-1=95

So 鈥淵鈥 is S95r.

04

(b) Determine out the unknown isotope

Iodine has Z=53, so 鈥淵鈥 has Z=92-53=39, corresponding to the element yttrium (the symbol for which, coincidentally, is Y).

Since 235+1-139-2=95, then the unknown isotope is Y95.

05

(c) Determine out the unknown isotope

The atomic number of zirconium is Z=40. Thus,92-40-2 , which means that 鈥淴鈥 has Z=52 (tellurium). The mass number of 鈥淴鈥 is 235+1-100-2=134, so we obtain T134e.

06

(d) Determine the value of b

Examining the mass numbers solve as:

b=235+1-141-92=3

The completed table is shown below:

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Most popular questions from this chapter

At the center of the Sun, the density of the gas is1.5105kg/m3 and the composition is essentially 35% hydrogen by mass and 65% helium by mass. (a) What is the number density of protons there? (b) What is the ratio of that proton density to the density of particles in an ideal gas at standard temperature (0掳C) and pressure(1.01105Pa) ?

Many fear that nuclear power reactor technology will increase the likelihood of nuclear war because reactors can be used not only to produce electrical energy but also, as a by-product through neutron capture with inexpensiveU238 , to makeP239u , which is a 鈥渇uel鈥 for nuclear bombs. What simple series of reactions involving neutron capture and beta decay would yield this plutonium isotope?

The nuclide238Np requires4.2 MeVfor fission. To remove a neutron from this nuclide requires an energy expenditure of 5.0 MeV. Isfissionable by thermal neutrons?

Calculate the energy released in the fission reaction

U235+nCs141+Rb93+2n

Here are some atomic and particle masses.

U235235.04392uRb9392.92157uCs141140.91964un1.00866u

The effective Q for the proton鈥損roton cycle of Fig. 43-11 is 26.2 MeV. (a) Express this as energy per kilogram of hydrogen consumed. (b) The power of the Sun is 3.9x1026W. If its energy derives from the proton鈥損roton cycle, at what rate is it losing hydrogen? (c) At what rate is it losing mass? (d) Account for the difference in the results for (b) and (c). (e) The mass of the Sun is 2.0x1030kg. If it loses mass at the constant rate calculated in (c), how long will it take to lose 0.10% of its mass?

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