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Chapter 5: Problem 1

The force of static friction acts only between surfaces at rest. Yet that force is essential in walking and in accelerating or braking a car. Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Static friction, although associated with surfaces at rest, plays an essential role in walking and driving a car. It resists the sliding motion in both walking and accelerating or braking a car, allowing for forward motion in walking and driving, and effective deceleration during braking.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Static Friction

Static friction is the force that resists the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, or material elements sliding against each other. It only occurs when the objects are at rest.
02

Static Friction in Walking

When a foot is placed on the ground and attempts to slide backward, the static friction between the foot and the ground resists this motion. It provides the necessary push in the opposite direction, propelling the body forward. Hence, walking would not be possible without static friction.
03

Static Friction in Cars (Accelerating and Braking)

In the case of driving a car, static friction between the tires and the road surface is essential. When the car accelerates, the tires try to spin without moving forward. The static friction between the tires and the road prevents this and provides grip, causing the car to move forward. Similarly, when braking, the static friction prevents the tires from spinning upon the sudden cessation of engine power, enabling a successful deceleration or stop.

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