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Chapter 9: Problem 4

The momentum of a system of pool balls is the same before and after they are hit by the cue ball. Is it still the same after one of the balls strikes the edge of the table? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Yes, the momentum remains conserved when all the balls are hit by the cue ball because no external force is applied. No, the momentum does not stay the same after a ball strikes the table edge because this introduces an external force, thus changing the overall system's momentum.

Step by step solution

01

Concept - Conservation of Momentum

The conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of an isolated system is constant before and after an event. In the case of the pool balls, when the cue ball hits the other balls, the system is considered isolated and therefore the total momentum remains the same.
02

Assessing the Impact of Collision with the Table Edge

When one of the pool balls strikes the edge of the pool table, a force is being applied from an external source (the table edge). This force changes the direction and velocity of the ball, thus changing its momentum and the overall momentum of the system.
03

Final Thoughts

Thus from the above steps, it can be concluded that in the first scenario where the balls are initially hit, the total momentum remains conserved. However, in the second scenario where a ball hits the table edge, the total momentum changes due to the external force from the table edge.

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