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Chapter 9: Problem 2

Explain why a high jumper's center of mass need not clear the bar.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The center of mass does not need to clear the bar in a high jump because of the arched body position. This shape allows the center of mass to pass beneath the bar while the body clears the bar.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Center of Mass

The center of mass can be defined as the average position of all the mass that makes up the system. It is the balance point of an object and the point where gravity appears to act. In a symmetrical object, the center of mass is at the object's geometric center.
02

The Arch Shape of the High Jumper

When a high jumper jumps and their body forms an arch over the bar. Their legs swing up and their torso bends backwards over the bar, while their hands hang downwards. This creates an arch shape where the peak of the arch, their torso, is above the bar, but their hands and feet are below the bar.
03

The Center of Mass in High Jump

When a high jumper jumps over the bar, the path that the jumper's center of mass takes is a perfect parabolic curve under the influence of gravity, regardless of the movements of individual body parts. Because of the arched posture of the jumper, their center of mass is often below the peak point, their torso. Hence, when a high jumper shapes their body into an arch over the bar, the center of mass lies outside the body, below the jumper and under the bar.
04

Conclusion

Even though the athlete's body clears the bar during a high jump, the center of mass does not have to clear the bar due to the arch shape that the athlete makes. This is why a high jumper's center of mass need not clear the bar.

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