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Chapter 18: Problem 6

Does the first law of thermodynamics apply to irreversible processes?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Yes, the First Law of Thermodynamics does apply to irreversible processes due to the law of conservation of energy.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the First Law of Thermodynamics

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that the total increase in the energy of a system is equal to the increase in thermal energy plus the work done on the system. It is basically a statement of the law of conservation of energy. This law implies that energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but it can be transferred from one state to another (kinetic to potential, chemical to thermal, etc.) and from one object to another.
02

Implications for Irreversible Processes

In an irreversible process, the system and its surroundings can't return to the original state without some net change elsewhere. Despite this, the energy associated with the system still remains constant before and after the process, but its state or form may change. The energy present before the process can be found in some form after the process.
03

Conclusion

Yes, the First Law of Thermodynamics does apply to irreversible processes. Despite the changes that might occur, overall, the total energy remains constant because of energy conservation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

It takes \(1.5 \mathrm{kJ}\) to compress a gas isothermally to half its original volume. How much work would it take to compress it by a factor of 22 starting from its original volume?

Nitrogen gas \((\gamma=1.4)\) at \(18^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is compressed adiabatically until its volume is reduced to one-fourth of its initial value. By how much does its temperature increase?

What's the difference between heat and internal energy?

An ideal monatomic gas is compressed to half its original volume. (a) By what factor is the work greater when the compression is adiabatic as compared with isothermal? (b) Where does the extra work go?

In what sense can a gas of diatomic molecules be considered an ideal gas, given that its molecules aren't point particles?
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