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Chapter 18: Problem 1

The temperature of the water in a jar is raised by violently shaking the jar. Which of the terms \(Q\) and \(W\) in the first law of thermodynamics is involved in this case?

Short Answer

Expert verified
In this scenario, the term involved in the first law of thermodynamics is \(W\) (work done on the system).

Step by step solution

01

Understand the core concepts

In thermodynamics, the most common form of the first law is expressed as \( \Delta U = Q - W \). Here, \( \Delta U \) represents the change in internal energy of the system. This energy change can happen through two ways: transfer of heat to the system or by doing work on the system.
02

Analyze the given scenario

In the given scenario, the water in a jar heated by shaking. Shaking the jar does not add heat externally; instead, it does work on the system (water). During shaking, the mechanical energy of shaking is converted into internal energy of water, raising its temperature.
03

Identify the term involved

In this case, the term involved in the first law of thermodynamics is the work done \(W\), as the mechanical action of shaking contributes to the increase in internal energy, leading to the temperature rise in the water.

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