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Chapter 1: Problem 14

Each atom in a silicon crystal has (a) four valence electrons (b) four conduction electroro (c) eight valence electrons, four of its own and four shered (d) no valence electrons becasse all are shared with other atoms

Short Answer

Expert verified
Each atom in a silicon crystal has \(four\) valence electrons, which participate in forming covalent bonds with neighboring atoms in the crystal structure. The correct answer is (a).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding valence electrons

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom that can participate in chemical bonding or reactions. They play a crucial role in determining the atom's ability to form chemical bonds with other atoms.
02

Identifying electron configuration of silicon

Silicon is an element with an atomic number of 14. Its electron configuration can be represented as 1s虏2s虏2p鈦�3s虏3p虏. The last (outermost) energy level contains 2 electrons in the 3s orbital and 2 electrons in the 3p orbital, resulting in a total of 4 valence electrons.
03

Understanding silicon crystal bonding

In a silicon crystal, each silicon atom forms covalent bonds with four neighboring silicon atoms. This covalent bonding means that each silicon atom shares a pair of electrons with its neighboring atoms, contributing one electron from itself and obtaining one electron from the neighboring atom.
04

Choosing the correct answer

Based on our explanations in the previous steps, we can determine that the correct answer should be: (a) four valence electrons. Each atom in a silicon crystal has four valence electrons, which participate in forming covalent bonds with neighboring atoms in the crystal structure.

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