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Chapter 27: Q13CQ (page 995)
What are the advantages of a diffraction grating over a prism in dispersing light for spectral analysis?
The advantages are it may be used to separate wavelengths, easily change the number of lines in the grating to suit a given application, and use both reflected and transmitted light.
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Using the information given in the preceding question, explain why sunsets are red.
Give an example of a wave characteristic of light that is easily observed outside the laboratory.
Structures on a bird feather act like a reflection grating havinglines per centimeter. What is the angle of the first-order maximum for light?
The limit to the eye鈥檚 acuity is actually related to difdfraction by the pupil.
(a) What is the angle between two just-resolvable points of light for a \(3.00 - mm\)-diameter pupil, assuming an average wavelength of \(550{\rm{ }}nm\)?
(b) Take your result to be the practical limit for the eye. What is the greatest possible distance a car can be from you if you can resolve its two headlights, given they are \(1.30{\rm{ }}m\) apart?
(c) What is the distance between two just-resolvable points held at an arm鈥檚 length \(\left( {0.800{\rm{ }}m} \right)\) from your eye?
(d) How does your answer to (c) compare to details you normally observe in everyday circumstances?
A telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of a laser beam and limit difddfraction spreading. The laser beam is sent through the telescope in opposite the normal direction and can then be projected onto a satellite or the Moon.
(a) If this is done with the Mount Wilson telescope, producing a \(2.54 - m\) diameter beam of \(633 - nm\) light, what is the minimum angular spread of the beam?
(b) Neglecting atmospheric effects, what is the size of the spot this beam would make on the Moon, assuming a lunar distance of \(3.84 \times {10^8}{\rm{ }}m\)?
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