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Chapter 6: Q17 CQ (page 220)

Two friends are having a conversation. Anna says a satellite in orbit is in freefall because the satellite keeps falling toward Earth. Tom says a satellite in orbit is not in freefall because the acceleration due to gravity is not 9.80 m/s2. Who do you agree with and why?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Anna is correct; the satellite is in free fall, and the centripetal force balances its gravitational force.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Satellite

A satellite is an item that is placed into orbit on purpose.

02

Determining the right person

Anna is correct; the satellite is in free fall, and the centripetal force balances its gravitational force.

Because of the principle of laughing a satellite, when a body is projected from the top of the tower with some horizontal speed, the body will describe a parabolic path under the effect of gravity and hit the surface of the earth. If we go on increasing the initial horizontal speed of projection of the body, its range will also increase, and finally, a stage comes when the body will not hit the earth. However, remain in a state of free fall under gravity at all times. Then body describes a circular path and becomes a satellite of the earth. At this stage, the gravitational force of the body will be balanced by centripetal force.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Find the ratio of the mass of Jupiter to that of Earth based on data inTable 6.2.

Calculate the mass of the Sun based on data for Earth鈥檚 orbit and compare the value obtained with the Sun鈥檚 actual mass.

A number of amusement parks have rides that make vertical loops like the one shown in Figure. For safety, the cars are attached to the rails in such a way that they cannot fall off. If the car goes over the top at just the right speed, gravity alone will supply the centripetal force. What other force acts and what is its direction if: (a) The car goes over the top at faster than this speed? (b)The car goes over the top at slower than this speed?

What is the direction of the force exerted by the car on the passenger as the car goes over the top of the amusement ride under the following circumstances: (a) the car goes over the top at such a speed that the gravitational force is the only force acting? (b) The car goes over the top faster than this speed? (c) The car goes over the top slower than this speed?

Space debris left from old satellites and their launchers is becoming a hazard to other satellites

(a) Calculate the speed of a satellite in an orbit900 km above Earth鈥檚 surface.

(b) Suppose a loose rivet is in an orbit of the same radius that intersects the satellite鈥檚 orbit at an angle of90掳relative to Earth. What is the velocity of the rivet relative to the satellite just before striking it?

(c) Given the rivet is 3.00 mmin size, how long will its collision with the satellite last?

(d) If its mass is0.500 g, what is the average force it exerts on the satellite? (e) How much energy in joules is generated by the collision? (The satellite鈥檚 velocity does not change appreciably, because its mass is much greater than the rivet鈥檚.)
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