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Chapter 9: Q1 CQ (page 314)

What can you say about the velocity of a moving body that is in dynamic equilibrium? Draw a sketch of such a body using clearly labeled arrows to represent all external forces on the body.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The velocity is constant.

Step by step solution

01

Newton’s first law

According to Newton鈥檚 first law, any object continues its state of rest or uniform motion when total external force on that object is zero. The object remains at rest when the object is in static equilibrium.

02

Explanation

When the object is in dynamic equilibrium, the total force should be zero on that object. For this reason, the acceleration should be zero.

03

Example

For example, when an object鈥檚 weight is downward there is a normal reaction on it acting vertically upward. The object is moving with a constant speed v in the direction of positive X-axis.

If the applied force on the object is F and the frictional force on the object is f. The sum of all the forces is zero, the object will move with a constant velocity v in the direction of positive X-axis.

The diagram is shown below:

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: Even when the head is held erect, as inFigure 9.41, its center of mass is not directly over the principal point of support (the atlantooccipital joint). The muscles at the back of the neck should therefore exert a force to keep the head erect. That is why your head falls forward when you fall asleep in the class. (a) Calculate the force exerted by these muscles using the information in the figure. (b) What is the force exerted by the pivot on the head?

Explain why the forces in our joints are several times larger than the forces we exert on the outside world with our limbs. Can these forces be even greater than muscle forces (see previous Question)?

InFigure 9.21, the cg of the pole held by the pole vaulter is \(2.00\;{\rm{m}}\)from the left hand, and the hands are \(0.700\;{\rm{m}}\) apart. Calculate the force exerted by (a) his right hand and (b) his left hand. (c) If each hand supports half the weight of the pole inFigure 9.19, show that the second condition for equilibrium(net\(\tau = 0\))is satisfied for a pivot other than the one located at the center of gravity of the pole. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategy for static equilibrium described above.

What is the mechanical advantage of a nail puller鈥攕imilar to the one shown inFigure\({\rm{9}}{\rm{.23}}\)鈥攚here you exert a force \({\rm{45}}\;{\rm{cm}}\)from the pivot and the nail is \({\rm{1}}{\rm{.8}}\;{\rm{cm}}\)on the other side? What minimum force must you exert to apply a force of \({\rm{1250}}\;{\rm{N}}\) to the nail?

Why are the forces exerted on the outside world by the limbs of our bodies usually much smaller than the forces exerted by muscles inside the body?
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