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Chapter 31: Q9 CQ (page 1147)

Often, when people have to work around radioactive materials spills, we see them wearing white coveralls (usually a plastic material). What types of radiation (if any) do you think these suits protect the worker from, and how?

Short Answer

Expert verified

\({\rm{\alpha }}\) Radiation has small range so plastic material act as shield for these radiation.

Step by step solution

01

 Definition of Radiation

The energy that emanates from a source and moves through space at the speed of light is referred to as radiation. This energy has wave-like qualities and is accompanied by an electric field and a magnetic field.

02

 Types of radiation suits that protect the worker

The radiations that are capable of causing ionization of an atom is called Ionizing radiation And the distance that a radiation can travel through material is called range of radiation. The range of radiation depends on the energy of radiation. The more the energy of radiation, the more will be range. Among them\({\rm{\alpha }}\),\({\rm{\beta }}\), \({\rm{\gamma }}\) radiations, the range of \({\rm{\alpha }}\) radiation is smallest and range of \({\rm{\gamma }}\) radiation is greatest. So when the range of \({\rm{\alpha }}\) radiation is small then the plastic material acts as shield to the \({\rm{\alpha }}\) radiation. Also since \({\rm{\alpha }}\) radiation has small range then plastic material can easily absorb the radiation.

Therefore, \({\rm{\alpha }}\) Radiation has small range so plastic material act as shield for these radiation

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Most popular questions from this chapter

\({{\rm{\beta }}^{\rm{ + }}}\)decay of \(^{{\rm{50}}}{\rm{Mn}}\)

Neutrinos are experimentally determined to have an extremely small mass. Huge numbers of neutrinos are created in a supernova at the same time as massive amounts of light are first produced. When the 1987A supernova occurred in the Large Magellanic Cloud, visible primarily in the Southern Hemisphere and some 100,000 light-years away from Earth, neutrinos from the explosion were observed at about the same time as the light from the blast. How could the relative arrival times of neutrinos and light be used to place limits on the mass of neutrinos?

Does the number of radioactive nuclei in a sample decrease to exactly half its original value in one half-life? Explain in terms of the statistical nature of radioactive decay.

(a) Calculate the energy released in the\({\rm{\alpha }}\)decay of\({}^{{\rm{238}}}{\rm{U}}\). (b) What fraction of the mass of a single\({}^{{\rm{238}}}{\rm{U}}\)is destroyed in the decay? The mass of\({}^{{\rm{234}}}{\rm{Th}}\)is\(234.043593\,{\rm{u}}\). (c) Although the fractional mass loss is large for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?
  1. What is the kinetic energy in MeV of a\({\rm{\beta }}\)ray that is traveling at\(0.998\,{\rm{c}}\)? This gives some idea of how energetic a\({\rm{\beta }}\)ray must be to travel at nearly the same speed as a\({\rm{\gamma }}\)ray.
  2. What is the velocity of the\({\rm{\gamma }}\)ray relative to the\({\rm{\beta }}\)ray?
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