Chapter 25: Q23PE (page 930)
At what minimum angle will you get total internal reflection of light traveling in water and reflected from ice?
Short Answer
When light travels through water and is reflected by ice, the critical angle is .
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Chapter 25: Q23PE (page 930)
At what minimum angle will you get total internal reflection of light traveling in water and reflected from ice?
When light travels through water and is reflected by ice, the critical angle is .
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You can determine the index of refraction of a substance by determining its critical angle.
(a) What is the index of refraction of a substance that has a critical angle of 68.4º when submerged in water? What is the substance, based on Table 25.1?
(b) What would the critical angle be for this substance in air?

Use the law of reflection to prove that the focal length of a mirror is half its radius of curvature. That is, prove that .Note this is true for a spherical mirror only if its diameter is small compared with its radius of curvature.
Suppose you are using total internal reflection to make an efficient corner reflector. If there is air outside and the incident angle is 45.0º , what must be the minimum index of refraction of the material from which the reflector is made?
Verify that the critical angle for light going from water to air is , as discussed at the end of Example 25.4, regarding the critical angle for light traveling in a polystyrene (a type of plastic) pipe surrounded by air.
In what substance in Table 25.1is the speed of light 2.290 x 108 m/s?
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