91Ó°ÊÓ

Figure 24.25

Magnetic or electromagnetic induction is the process of producing an electromotive force across an electrical conductor in a shifting magnetic field. Michael Faraday discovered induction in\({\rm{1831}}\), which James Clerk Maxwell formally defined as Faraday's law of induction.

The electric and magnetic fields of an electromagnetic wave are perpendicular to each other. Because the loop is at rest, the magnetic field does not induce any current. As a result, the electric field is in charge of inducing current in it. In example (a), the electric field is in the loop's same plane. As the electromagnetic wave enters the loop, it causes a flux of free electrons to enter. And it's in the opposite direction of the electric field. In scenario (b), the electric field is now perpendicular to the loop's plane. As a result, there will be no charge movement in the loop, and so no current will be induced.

Therefore, In this situation, the electromagnetic wave will be more effective at producing current in the loop (a).