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Chapter 19: Q5CQ (page 694)
How are units of volts and electron volts related? How do they differ?
They are related by the given expression-
1 eV = (1.60 x 10-19C) (1V)
The main difference is that Volt is the unit of potential difference whereas electron-volts is the unit of energy.
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Give the reason why a dielectric material increases capacitance compared with what it would be with air between the plates of a capacitor. What is the independent reason that a dielectric material also allows a greater voltage to be applied to a capacitor? (The dielectric thus increases \(C\) and permits a greater \(V\).
What is an equipotential line? What is an equipotential surface?
Sketch the equipotential lines a long distance from the charges shown in Figure \({\rm{19}}{\rm{.28}}\). Indicate the direction of increasing potential.
Figure \({\rm{19}}{\rm{.28}}\) shows the electric field lines near two charges \(q1\) and \(q2\) , the first having a magnitude four times that of the second. Sketch the equipotential lines for these two charges, and indicate the direction of increasing potential.
Sparks will occur between the plates of an air-filled capacitor at lower voltage when the air is humid than when dry. Explain why, considering the polar character of water molecules.
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