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Are the direction and magnitude of the Coulomb force unique at a given point in space? What about the electric field?

Short Answer

Expert verified

No, at a given point the coulomb force cannot be unique. Where as the magnitude and direction of electric field at a given point is unique.

Step by step solution

01

Electrostatic force and electric field

Coulomb stated that when two-point charges are separated by some distance in space, they experience force of attraction or repulsion due to the presence of another charge. This force of attraction or repulsion is known as electrostatic force.

Electric field is defined as the electrostatic force acting on a test charge.

02

Uniqueness of direction and magnitude of Coulomb force

The Coulomb force can have different directions, depending upon whether the two charges are similar or different in signs. Also, its magnitude depends on the value of charge placed at the point where we need to find force.

Hence, the direction and magnitude of Coulomb force is not unique in space.

03

Uniqueness of direction and magnitude of electric field

The electric field for a positive point charge is always directed radially outward and the electric field for a negative point charge is always directed radially inward. It is not affected by the charge that is placed at the point where we need to find the electric field.

Hence, the direction and magnitude of the electric field is always unique in space.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

When a glass rod is rubbed with silk, it becomes positive and the silk becomes negative—yet both attract dust. Does the dust have a third type of charge that is attracted to both positive and negative? Explain.

Sketch the electric field lines in the vicinity of the charged insulator in Figure 18.51 noting its nonuniform charge distribution.

Figure 18.51

Sketch the electric field lines a long distance from the charge distributions shown in Figure 18.26 (a) and (b).

Figure 18.26 (a) Two negative charges produce the fields shown. It is very similar to the field produced by two positive charges, except that the directions are reversed. The field is clearly weaker between the charges. The individual forces on a test charge in that region are in opposite directions. (b) Two opposite charges produce the field shown, which is stronger in the region between the charges.

Two point charges \({{\rm{q}}_{\rm{1}}}\) and \({{\rm{q}}_{\rm{2}}}\) are \({\rm{3}}{\rm{.00 m}}\) apart, and their total charge is \({\rm{20 \mu C}}\). (a) If the force of repulsion between them is \(0.075{\rm{ N}}\), what are magnitudes of the two charges? (b) If one charge attracts the other with a force of \(0.525{\rm{ N}}\), what are the magnitudes of the two charges? Note that you may need to solve a quadratic equation to reach your answer.

The practical limit to an electric field in air is about\(3.00 \times {10^6}{\rm{ N}}/{\rm{C}}\). Above this strength, sparking takes place because air begins to ionize and charges flow, reducing the field. (a) Calculate the distance a free proton must travel in this field to reach\(3.00\% \)of the speed of light, starting from rest. (b) Is this practical in air, or must it occur in a vacuum?

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