91Ó°ÊÓ

The tension force is described as the force transferred through a rope, string, or wire when it is pulled by opposing forces.

Let construct the problem with these values and the mass of the elevator. It can be done as follows:

Consider an elevator with load having a mass of\(500 kg\)starts from rest. It moves upwards with an acceleration of\(1 m/{s^2}\)and reached final point after\(12 s\)with the final velocity of\(12 m/s\). Calculate the tension on the elevator cable with the help of a free body diagram.

\(\begin{array}{c}u = 0\\a = 1 m/{s^2}\\t = 12 s\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{c}v = 0 + \left( {1 m/{s^2} \times 12 s} \right)\\ = 12 m/s\end{array}\)

A free-body diagram can be drawn by considering the forces that act on the cable. There is a force,\(W\)acting downwards that is equal to the weight of the elevator. The tension,\(T\)on the cable is acting upwards, opposite to the weight of the elevator, and acceleration is in the upward direction as it moves upwards. Thus, the free body diagram can be drawn as follows:

The forces that act in the y direction are equal to the sum of the tension and weight of the elevator.

\(\begin{array}{l}{F_y} = ma\\T - W = ma\\T - mg = ma\\T = m\left( {a + g} \right)\end{array}\)

Here,\({F_y}\)is the total force acting on the elevator in the y direction and\(g\)is the acceleration due to gravity which is equal to \(9.8 m/{s^2}\). Substitute the known values to calculate tension on the cable.

\(\begin{array}{c}T = 500 kg\left( {1 m/{s^2} + 9.8 m/{s^2}} \right)\\ = 5400 kg.m/{s^2}\\ = 5400 N\end{array}\)

Therefore, tension on the cable is\(5400 N\).