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Chapter 4: Q3CQ (page 159)
How are inertia and mass related?
The object with more mass has more inertia. Inertia is directly proportional to the mass of the body.
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Near the end of a marathon race, the first two runners are separated by a distance of 45 m. The front runner has a velocity of 3.50 m/s, and the second a velocity of 4.20 m/s. (a) what is the velocity of the second runner relative to the first? (b) If the front runner is 250 m from the finish line, who will win the race, assuming they run at constant velocity? (c) What distance ahead will the winner be when she crosses the finish line?
The gravitational force on the basketball in Figure 4.6 is ignored. When gravity is taken into account, what is the direction of the net external force on the basketball鈥攁bove horizontal, below horizontal, or still horizontal.
Integrated Concepts
An elevator filled with passengers has a mass of 1700 kg.
(a) The elevator accelerates upward from rest at a rate of 1.20 m/s2 for 1.50 s. Calculate the tension in the cable supporting the elevator.
(b) The elevator continues upward at constant velocity for 8.50 s. What is the tension in the cable during this time?
(c) The elevator decelerates at a rate of 0.600 m/s2 for 3.00 s. What is the tension in the cable during deceleration?
(d) How high has the elevator moved above its original starting point, and what is its final velocity?
When you take off in a jet aircraft, there is a sensation of being pushed back into the seat. Explain why you move backward in the seat鈥攊s there really a force backward on you? (The same reasoning explains whiplash injuries, in which the head is apparently thrown backward.)
A brave but inadequate rugby player is being pushed backward by an opposing player who is exerting a force of 800 N on him. The mass of the losing player plus equipment is 90.0 kg, and he is accelerating at 1.20 m/s2 backward. (a) What is the force of friction between the losing player鈥檚 feet and the grass? (b) What force does the winning player exert on the ground to move forward if his mass plus equipment is 110 kg?
(c) Draw a sketch of the situation showing the system of interest used to solve each part. For this situation, draw a free-body diagram and write the net force equation.
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