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Chapter 21: Q9CQ (page 771)
If two household lightbulbs rated 60W and 100W are connected in series to household power, which will be brighter? Explain.
In series to household power, W bulb will be brighter.
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A \(240{\rm{ }}kV\) power transmission line carrying \(5.00 \times {10^2}\;A\)is hung from grounded metal towers by ceramic insulators, each having a \(1.00 \times {10^9}{\rm{ }}\Omega \) resistance. Figure \(21.51\).
(a) What is the resistance to ground of \(100\) of these insulators?
(b) Calculate the power dissipated by \(100\) of them.
(c) What fraction of the power carried by the line is this? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Series and Parallel Resistors.
A \(160 - \mu F\)capacitor charged to \(450\;V\)is discharged through a \(31.2 - k\Omega \)resistor. (a) Find the time constant.(b) Calculate the temperature increase of the resistor, given that its mass is \(2.50\;g\)and its specific heat is \(1.67\frac{{kJ}}{{kg{ \cdot ^\circ }C}}\), noting that most of the thermal energy is retained in the short time of the discharge. (c) Calculate the new resistance, assuming it is pure carbon. (d) Does this change in resistance seem significant?
A car battery with a 12-V emf and an internal resistance of is being charged with a current of 60 A Note that in this process the battery is being charged. (a) What is the potential difference across its terminals? (b) At what rate is thermal energy being dissipated in the battery? (c) At what rate is electric energy being converted to chemical energy? (d) What are the answers to (a) and (b) when the battery is used to supply 60 A to the starter motor?
Knowing that the severity of a shock depends on the magnitude of the current through your body, would you prefer to be in series or parallel with a resistance, such as the heating element of a toaster, if shocked by it? Explain.
When making an ECG measurement, it is important to measure voltage variations over small time intervals. The time is limited by the \(RC\) constant of the circuit-it is not possible to measure time variations shorter than \(RC\). How would you manipulate \(R\) and \(C\) in the circuit to allow necessary measurements?
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