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A helium-neon laser is pumped by electric discharge. What wavelength electromagnetic radiation would be needed to pump it? See Figure 30.39 for energy-level information.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The needed electromagnetic radiation wavelength is 60.18 nm.

Step by step solution

01

Determine the formulas:

Consider the formula for the energy of X ray photons as follows:

\({\bf{E = }}\frac{{{\bf{hc}}}}{{\bf{\lambda }}}\)

Here,

λ = Wavelength

E = Energy of the x-ray photons

h = Planck's constant

c = Speed of light

02

Determine wavelength of electromagnetic radiation

Consider the given data:

\(\begin{array}{l}h = 6.626 \times {10^{ - 34}}\;\;{\rm{J}} \cdot s\\E = 20.66\;{\rm{eV}}\\c = 3 \times {10^8}\;\frac{{\rm{m}}}{{\rm{s}}}\end{array}\)

Substituting the values in equation of energy.

\(\begin{array}{l}20.66\;{\rm{eV}} = \frac{{\left( {6.626 \times {{10}^{ - 34}}\;{\rm{J}} \cdot {\rm{s}}} \right)\left( {3 \times {{10}^8}\;\frac{{\rm{m}}}{{\rm{s}}}} \right)}}{\lambda }\\\lambda = \frac{{\left( {6.626 \times {{10}^{ - 34}}\;{\rm{J \times s}}} \right)\left( {3 \times {{10}^8}\;\frac{{\rm{m}}}{{\rm{s}}}} \right)}}{{20.66\;{\rm{eV}}}}\\\lambda = 60.18 \times {10^{ - 9}}\;{\rm{m}}\\\lambda = 60.18\;{\rm{nm}}\end{array}\)

Consider the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is 60.18 nm.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Ruby lasers have chromium atoms doped in an aluminum oxide crystal. The energy level diagram for chromium in a ruby is shown in Figure 30.64. What wavelength is emitted by a ruby laser?

Figure 30.64 Chromium atoms in an aluminum oxide crystal have these energy levels, one of which is metastable. This is the basis of a ruby laser. Visible light can pump the atom into an excited state above the metastable state to achieve a population inversion.

Integrated Concepts

Estimate the density of a nucleus by calculating the density of a proton, taking it to be a sphere1.2 fm in diameter. Compare your result with the value estimated in this chapter.

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Name three different types of evidence for the existence of atoms.

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