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A person travelling on a straight line moves with a uniform velocity \(v_{1}\) for some time and with uniform velocity \(v_{2}\) for the next the equal time. The average velocity \(v\) is given by: (a) \(v=\frac{v_{1}+v_{2}}{2}\) (b) \(\frac{2}{v}=\frac{1}{v_{1}}+\frac{1}{v_{2}}\) (c) \(v=\sqrt{v_{1} v_{2}}\) (d) \(\frac{1}{v}=\frac{1}{v_{1}}+\frac{1}{v_{2}}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is (a) \(v = \frac{v_{1} + v_{2}}{2}\).

Step by step solution

01

Define Average Velocity

Average velocity is defined as the total displacement divided by the total time taken. We want to determine this based on the given velocities and time.
02

Analyze the Motion

Since the person travels with velocity \(v_{1}\) for some time \(t\) and \(v_{2}\) for the same time \(t\), the total time is \(2t\) and displacements are \(v_{1} \cdot t\) and \(v_{2} \cdot t\), respectively.
03

Calculate Total Displacement

The total displacement \(s\) is the sum of the two displacements, \(s = v_{1} \cdot t + v_{2} \cdot t = (v_{1} + v_{2}) \cdot t\).
04

Calculate Average Velocity

The average velocity \(v\) is given by:\[v = \frac{\text{Total Displacement}}{\text{Total Time}} = \frac{(v_{1} + v_{2}) \cdot t}{2t} = \frac{v_{1} + v_{2}}{2}\]
05

Determine Correct Option

From the calculation, the average velocity \(v\) is \(\frac{v_{1} + v_{2}}{2}\), which corresponds to option (a).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Uniform Velocity
When we talk about uniform velocity, we mean that an object travels the same distance over equal time intervals, without changing its speed. This is sometimes called constant velocity, as both the magnitude and the direction stay unchanged.
For example, if a car is moving at a uniform velocity of 60 km/h, it will cover 60 kilometers every hour consistently, assuming no changes in speed or direction.
Understanding uniform velocity helps in analyzing motion because it simplifies calculations of displacement, time taken, and average speed. If the velocity is uniform, the calculations around motion become straightforward. Knowing this, you can then combine multiple uniform intervals to analyze more complex motion scenarios.
Total Displacement
Total displacement refers to the overall change in position of an object. It is a vector quantity, which means it considers both the magnitude and direction of motion. In simple terms, displacement doesn't just look at how far you've traveled, but also where you've ended up compared to where you started.
In the context of the exercise, displacement is calculated for two legs of motion, each having its displacement:
  • First displacement: \(v_{1} \cdot t\)
  • Second displacement: \(v_{2} \cdot t\)
The total displacement is then the sum of these two, \((v_{1} + v_{2}) \cdot t\). This helps to find the average velocity accurately. It captures the complete picture of the object's journey along a straight line.
Kinematics
Kinematics is the branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion. It explores how objects move through space and time and is fundamental to understanding concepts like velocity, acceleration, and displacement.
Using kinematics, we break down the motion of objects into simpler parts such as distance covered, time taken, and changes in velocity. The fundamental kinematic equations help predict the future position and velocity of moving objects based on these variables. They enable the analysis of motion in different contexts.In our exercise, by applying kinematics, we determine how the motion with velocities \(v_1\) and \(v_2\) for equal times relates to average velocity. This approach allows us to dissect the motion and understand the relationships between these variables.
Motion Analysis
Motion analysis involves studying the movement characteristics of an object to understand its velocity, direction, and rate of change. It provides insights into how objects move and interact over time. This process is crucial, especially in scientific fields like physics and engineering. To analyze motion, follow these key steps:
  • Determine the initial conditions such as starting velocity and position.
  • Understand the path or trajectory of the object.
  • Calculate important variables like total displacement, average velocity, and time.
  • Consider any changes in motion, such as acceleration or deceleration.
In the provided exercise, motion analysis was used to calculate the average velocity from two segments of constant speed motion. By understanding the separate parts of the journey, a comprehensive view of the overall motion is achieved, demonstrating how separate pieces of motion come together to form the complete picture.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A particle is moving on a straight line path with constant acceleration directed along the direction of instantaneous velocity. Which of following statements are false about the motion of particle? (a) Particle may reverse the direction of motion (b) Distance covered is not equal to magnitude of displacement (c) The magnitude of average velocity is less than average speed (d) All the above

A particle moves with constant speed \(v\) along a regular hexagon \(A B C D E F\) in same order. (i.e., \(A\) to \(B, B\) to \(C, C\) to \(D, D\) to \(E, E\) to \(F\) and \(F\) to \(A\) ) The magnitude of average velocity for its motion from \(A\) to \(C\) is : (a) \(\underline{v}\) (b) \(\frac{v}{2}\) (c) \(\frac{\sqrt{3} v}{2}\) (d) none of these

A heavy stone is thrown from a cliff of height \(h\) in a given direction. The speed with which it hits the ground (air resistance may be neglected): (a) must depend on the speed of projection (b) must be larger than the speed of projection (c) must be independent of the speed of projection (d) (a) and (b) both are correct

The motion of a body falling from rest in a resisting medium is described by the equation \(\frac{d v}{d t}=a-b v\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constant. The velocity at any time \(t\) is: (a) \(a\left(1-b^{2 t}\right)\) (b) \(\frac{a}{b}\left(1-e^{-b t}\right)\) (c) \(a b e^{-t}\) (d) \(a b^{2}(1-t)\)

If \(x=a(\cos \theta+\theta \sin \theta)\) and \(y=a(\sin \theta-\theta \cos \theta)\) and \(\theta\) increases at uniform rate \(\omega\). The velocity of particle is: (a) \(a \omega\) (b) \(\frac{a^{2} \theta}{\omega}\) (c) \(\frac{a \theta}{\omega}\) (d) \(a \theta \omega\)

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