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Chapter 20: Problem 97

At absolute zero, Si acts as: (A) Non-metal (B) Metal (C) Insulator (D) None of these

Short Answer

Expert verified
At absolute zero, Si acts as an \( \textbf{Insulator} \) (Option C).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Absolute Zero

Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature, which is 0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius. At this temperature, the thermal motion of particles (atoms or molecules) is at the lowest point possible as the particles have minimal energy.
02

Understanding Si - Silicon

Silicon (Si) is a chemical element in the periodic table that belongs to Group 14. It is a semiconductor material with properties between metals and non-metals. It is commonly used in the manufacturing of electronic devices due to its semiconducting properties.
03

Option A: Non-Metal

Non-metals are elements that tend not to conduct electricity or heat. At absolute zero, the thermal motion of particles is minimal, but this does not necessarily mean that Si would no longer act as a semiconductor and completely behave as a non-metal.
04

Option B: Metal

Metals are elements that can conduct electricity and heat due to the presence of free electrons in their lattice structure. As silicon is a semiconductor, it does not exhibit metallic properties at room temperature. When the temperature decreases to absolute zero, the number of free carriers in Si lattice will significantly decrease, and it won't exhibit metallic properties.
05

Option C: Insulator

An insulator is a material that does not easily conduct electricity or heat due to low electron mobility. At absolute zero, the thermal motion of particles minimizes, and the material will have minimal electrical conductivity. Therefore, semiconductor materials like Si will behave more like insulators at absolute zero, since there are no free carriers available to conduct electricity.
06

Option D: None of these

Since we have determined that Si acts as an insulator at absolute zero, this option can be eliminated.
07

Conclusion

Based on the analysis, at absolute zero, Si acts as an \( \textbf{Insulator} \) (Option C).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

If the ratio of the concentration of electrons and that of holes in a semiconductor is \(\frac{7}{5}\) and the ratio of currents is \(\frac{7}{4}\), then what is the ratio of their drift velocities? (A) \(\frac{7}{4}\) (B) \(\frac{5}{8}\) (C) \(\frac{4}{5}\) (D) \(\frac{5}{4}\)

Then the value of \(\beta\) is (A) 100 (B) 50 (C) 200 (D) 150

The depletion layer in the \(P-N\) junction region is caused by (A) Drift of holes (B) Diffusion of charge carriers (C) Migration of impurity ions (D) Drift of electrons

A \(N P N\) transistor conducts when (A) Both collector and emitter are positive with respect to the base. (B) Collector is positive and emitter is negative with respect to the base. (C) Collector is positive and emitter is at same potential as the base. (D) Both collector and emitter are negative with respect to the base.

Carbon, silicon and germanium have four valence elements each. At room temperature which one of the following statement(s) is most appropriate? [2007] (A) The number of free electrons for conduction is significant in all the three (B) The number of free electrons for conduction is significant only in Si and Ge but small in \(C\) (C) The number of free conduction electrons is significant in \(C\) but small in Si and Ge (D) The number of free conduction electrons is negligibly small in all the three
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