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Knees Patients receiving artificial knees often experience pain after surgery. The pain is measured on a subjective scale with possible values of 1 (low) to 5 (high). Let Y be the pain score for a randomly selected patient. The following table gives the probability distribution for Y.

Value12345
Probability
0.10.20.30.3??

a. Find P(Y=5). Interpret this value.

b. Find the probability that a randomly selected patient has a pain score of at most 2 .

c. Calculate the expected pain score and the standard deviation of the pain score.

Short Answer

Expert verified
  1. The required probability of the event is P(Y=5)=0.1.
  2. There is a 30%chance that the randomly selected patient will have a pain score of at least 2.
  3. The required expected pain score \mu=3.1 and Standard deviation of the pain score is
    \sigma \approx 1.1358

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

The given table show the probability distribution for Y .

Value12345
Probability0.10.20.30.3??
02

Part (a) Step 2: Calculation

Consider the missing probability of X.

Value12345
Probability0.10.20.30.3??

Consider the following for a valid probability model:

The probability of each outcome should be one.

All probability should be between 0 and 1. (including both).

Now,

From the dining table,

The total of all probabilities must equal one.

0.1+0.2+0.3+0.3+x=1

Combine phrases that are similar:

0.9+x=1

Subtract 0.9from both sides of the equation:

x=0.1

We know that

The missing probability denotes the possibility that the random variable Y equals 5.

P(Y=5)=0.1=10%

Thus,

There is a 10%probability that a randomly picked patient's pain score will be equal to 5.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

The given table show the probability distribution for Y .

Value12345
Probability0.10.20.30.3??
04

Part (b) Step 2: The likelihood that a randomly chosen patient has a pain score of no more than 2

From above result

Value12345
Probability0.10.20.30.30.1

Now,

Note that

The likelihood of the pain score being equal to one,

P(Y=1)=0.1

The likelihood of the pain score being equal to two,

P(Y=2)=0.2

We know that a single patient's pain score cannot be equal to two separate numbers.

As a result, the two occasions are mutually exclusive.

For mutually exclusive events, use the addition rule:

P(Y2)=P(Y=1)+P(Y=2)=0.1+0.2=0.3=30%

Thus,

There are 30%Chances that the patient chosen at random will have a pain score of at least 2.

05

Part (c) Step 1: Given information

The given table show the probability distribution for Y .

Value12345
Probability0.10.20.30.3??
06

Part (c) Step 2: Calculation

From above part (a) result

Value12345
Probability0.10.20.30.30.1

The sum of each possibility x multiplied by its probability P(x) is the expected value (or mean). .

=xP(x)=1P(Y=1)+2P(Y=2)+3P(Y=3)+4P(Y=4)+5P(Y=5)=10.1+20.2+30.3+40.3+50.1=3.1

Now,

The expected value of the squared departure from the mean is called variance.

2=(x-)2P(x)=(1-3.1)2P(Y=1)+(2-3.1)2P(Y=2)+(3-3.1)2P(Y=3)+(4-3.1)2P(Y=4)+(5-3.1)2P(Y=5)=(1-3.1)20.1+(2-3.1)20.2+(3-3.1)20.3+(4-3.1)20.3+(5-3.1)20.1=1.29

We are aware of this.

The square root of the variance is the standard deviation.

Thus,

=2=1.291.1358

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