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Low-birth-weight babies Researchers in Norway analyzed data on the birth

weights of 400,000 newborns over a 6-year period. The distribution of birth weights is approximately Normal with a mean of 3668 grams and a standard deviation of 511 grams.17 Babies that weigh less than 2500 grams at birth are classified as 鈥渓ow birth weight.鈥

a. Fill in the blanks: About 99.7% of the babies had birth weights between ____ and

_____ grams.

b. What percent of babies will be identified as having low birth weight?

c. Find the quartiles of the birth weight distribution.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a)2135,5201

Part (b) 1.10%

Part (c) 1st quartile: 3325.63 grams

3rd quartile: 4010.37 grams

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

=3668=511

02

Part (a) Step 2: Calculation

A normal distribution's mid 68 percentile is one standard deviation away from the mean.

The mid-95 percentile of a normal distribution is two standard deviations away from the mean.

The middle 99.7% of a normal distribution is 3 standard deviations from the distribution's mean.

Finding the value that is three standard deviations away from the mean is as follows:

3=36683(511)=2135+3=3668+3(511)=5201

This means that 99.7% of the observations will fall between 2135 and 5201 grams, implying that 99.7% of the newborns will have a birth weight of between 2135 and 5201 grams.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Concept

The formula used:z=x

04

Part (b) Step 2: Calculation

The z-score is the

z=x=25003668511=2.29

Using the normal probability table, get the associated probability.

P(X<2500)=P(Z<2.29)=0.0110=1.10%

As a result, 1.10 percent of the babies were born with a birth weight of less than 2500 grams, which is considered poor.

05

Part (c) Step 1: Concept

The formula used:z=x

06

Part (c) Step 2: Calculation

The first quartile has the feature that 25%of the data values are lower than the first quartile.

To determine the z-score that corresponds to a probability of 25% or 0.25in normal probability. The closest probability is 0.2514which is found in the normal probability table's rows -0.6 and column.07As a result, the associating z-score is-0.6+.07=-0.67.

z=0.67

The z-score is

z=x=x3668511

The two found expressions of the z-score then have to be equal:

x3668511=0.67

x3668=0.67(511)x=3668+0.67(511)x=4010.37

Therefore the 3rd quartile is 4010.37 grams.

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