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Chapter 11: Q. 52 (page 757)
How far away do you live? Conduct a follow-up analysis for the test in Exercise
We note that the expected value is higher than the observed counts of the public university for the category"over ",
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The manager of a high school cafeteria is planning to offer several new types of food for student lunches in the new school year. She wants to know if each type of food will be equally popular so she can start ordering supplies and making other plans. To find out, she selects a random sample of students and asks them, 鈥淲hich type of food do you prefer: Ramen, tacos, pizza, or hamburgers?鈥� Here are her data:
The chi-square test statistic is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
It鈥檚 hard for smokers to quit. Perhaps prescribing a drug to fight
depression will work as well as the usual nicotine patch. Perhaps combining the patch and
the drug will work better than either treatment alone. Here are data from a randomized,
double-blind trial that compared four treatments.
A 鈥渟uccess鈥� means that the subject did not smoke for a year following the start of the study.
a. Summarize these data in a two-way table.
b. Do the data provide convincing evidence of a difference in the effectiveness of the four
treatments at thesignificance level?
Popular kids Who were the popular kids at your elementary school? Did they get good grades or have good looks? Were they good at sports? A study was performed in Michigan to examine the factors that determine social status for children in grades and . Researchers administered a questionnaire to a random sample of students in these grades. One of the questions asked, "What would you most like to do at school: make good grades, be good at sports, or be popular?" The two-way table summarizes the students' responses. Is there convincing evidence of an association between gender and goal for students in grades and ?
Which of the following is the correct number of degrees of freedom for the chi-square test using these data?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Recent revenue shortfalls in a midwestern state led to a reduction in the state budget for higher education. To offset the reduction, the largest state university proposed a tuition increase. It was determined that such an increase was needed simply to compensate for the lost support from the state. Separate random samples of freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors from the university were asked whether they were strongly opposed to the increase, given that it was the minimum increase necessary to maintain the university's budget at current levels. Here are the results:
Which null hypothesis would be appropriate for performing a chi-square test?
a. The closer students get to graduation, the less likely they are to be opposed to tuition increases.
b. The mean number of students who are strongly opposed is the same for each of the years.
c. The distribution of student opinion about the proposed tuition increase is the same for each of the years at this university.
d. Year in school and student opinion about the tuition increase are independent in the sample.
e. There is an association between year in school and opinion about the tuition increase at this university.
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