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Chapter 11: Q. 39 (page 755)
How to quit smoking Refer to Exercise . Which treatment seems to be most effective? Least effective? Justify your choices.
The most effective treatment is a patch plus drug and the least effective is a Nicotine patch.
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Video games To determine if there is a relationship between age and playing video games, the Pew Research Center asked randomly selected adults for their age and if they 鈥渆ver play video games on a computer, TV, game console, or portable device like a cell phone.鈥� Here is a two-way table summarizing the results of the study:
a. Construct a segmented bar graph to display the relationship between age group and response to the question about video games.
b. Describe the association shown in the segmented bar graph in part (a).
All current-carrying wires produce electromagnetic (EM) radiation, including the electrical wiring running into, through, and out of our homes. High-frequency EM radiation is thought to be a cause of cancer. The lower frequencies associated with household current are generally assumed to be harmless. To investigate the relationship between current configuration and type of cancer, researchers visited the addresses of a random sample of children who had died of some form of cancer (leukemia, lymphoma, or some other type) and classified the wiring configuration outside the dwelling as either a high-current configuration (HCC) or a low-current configuration (LCC). Here are the data:
Computer software was used to analyze the data. The output included the value
Which of the following may we conclude, based on the chi-square test results?
a. There is convincing evidence of an association between wiring configuration and the chance that a child will develop some form of cancer.
b. HCC either causes cancer directly or is a major contributing factor to the development of cancer in children.
c. Leukemia is the most common type of cancer among children.
d. There is not convincing evidence of an association between wiring configuration and the type of cancer that caused the deaths of children.
e. There is convincing evidence that HCC does not cause cancer in children.
Mendel and the peas Gregor Mendel , an Austrian monk, is considered the father of genetics. Mendel studied the inheritance of various traits in pea plants. One such trait is whether the pea is smooth or wrinkled. Mendel predicted a ratio of smooth peas for every 1 wrinkled pea. In one experiment, he observed smooth and wrinkled peas. Assume that the conditions for inference are met.
a. Carry out a chi-square test for goodness of fit for the genetic model that Mendel predicted.
b. In Chapter Exercise you tested Mendel鈥檚 prediction using a one-sample z test for a proportion. The hypotheses were and where true proportion of smooth peas. Calculate the statistic and value for this test. How do these values compare to the values from part (a)?
Recent revenue shortfalls in a midwestern state led to a reduction in the state budget for higher education. To offset the reduction, the largest state university proposed a tuition increase. It was determined that such an increase was needed simply to compensate for the lost support from the state. Separate random samples of freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors from the university were asked whether they were strongly opposed to the increase, given that it was the minimum increase necessary to maintain the university's budget at current levels. Here are the results:
The conditions for carrying out the chi-square test in Exercise T are:
I. Independent random samples from the populations of interest.
II. All sample sizes are less than of the populations of interest.
III. All expected counts are at least .
Which of the conditions is (are) satisfied in this case?
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and III only
d. II and III only
e. I, II, and III
Last candy Refer to Exercises 27 and 29.
a. Verify that the conditions for inference are met.
b. Use Table C to find the P-value. Then use your calculator鈥檚 蠂2 cdf command.
c. Interpret the P-value from the calculator.
d. What conclusion would you draw using 伪=?
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