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Chapter 10: Q. AP3.6 (page 701)

You can find some interesting polls online. Anyone can become part of the sample just by clicking on a response. One such poll asked, 鈥淒o you prefer watching first-run movies at a movie theater, or waiting until they are available to watch at home or on a digital device?鈥� In all, 8896people responded, with only 12%(1118people) saying they preferred theaters. You can conclude that

a. American adults strongly prefer watching movies at home or on their digital devices.

b. the high nonresponse rate prevents us from drawing a conclusion.

c. the sample is too small to draw any conclusion.

d. the poll uses voluntary response, so the results tell us little about all American adults.

e. American adults strongly prefer seeing movies at a movie theater.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The correct option is (d) the poll uses voluntary response so the results tell us little about all American adults.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

We have to determine the conclusion of the theatres.

02

Simplification

Thepopulationwillexplodeasaresultoftheselectionorprejudicethatisbeingcovered.
Measurements or response bias employ a procedure that yields results that differ from the genuine values.
Thenon-responserepresentstheoutcomesofdatathatisn'tavailabletoeveryoneinthesample.
Because anyone can join the sample by just clicking the response, the sample is regarded as voluntary, and hence suffers from selection bias, implying that the results will not reveal anything about all Americans.
As a result of the poll's use of voluntary responses, the results don't reveal much about all American people.

Hence, the correct option is (d) the poll uses voluntary response so the results tell us little about all American adults.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

I want red!A candy maker offers Child and Adult bags of jelly beans with

different color mixes. The company claims that the Child mix has 30%red jelly beans, while the Adult mix contains 15%red jelly beans. Assume that the candy maker鈥檚 claim is true. Suppose we take a random sample of 50jelly beans from the Child mix and a separate random sample of 100jelly beans from the Adult mix. Let p^Cand p^Abe the sample proportions of red jelly beans from the Child and

Adult mixes, respectively.

a. What is the shape of the sampling distribution of p^C-p^A? Why?

b. Find the mean of the sampling distribution.

c. Calculate and interpret the standard deviation of the sampling distribution.

Music and memory Does listening to music while studying help or hinder students鈥� learning? Two statistics students designed an experiment to find out. They selected a random sample of 30students from their medium-sized high school to participate. Each subject was given 10minutes to memorize two different lists of 20words, once while listening to music and once in silence. The order of the two word lists was determined at random; so was the order of the treatments. The difference (Silence 鈭� Music) in the number of words recalled was recorded for each subject. The mean difference was 1.57and the standard deviation of the differences was 2.70.

a. If the result of this study is statistically significant, can you conclude that the difference in the ability to memorize words was caused by whether students were performing the task in silence or with music playing? Why or why not?

b. Do the data provide convincing evidence at the伪=0.01 significance level that the number of words recalled in silence or when listening to music differs, on average, for students at this school?

c. Based on your conclusion in part (a), which type of error鈥攁 Type I error or a Type II error鈥攃ould you have made? Explain your answer.

A researcher wished to compare the average amount of time spent in extracurricular activities by high school students in a suburban school district with that in a school district of a large city. The researcher obtained an SRS of 60high school students in a large suburban school district and found the mean time spent in extracurricular activities per week to be 6hours with a standard deviation of 3hours. The researcher also obtained an independent SRS of 40high school students in a large city school district and found the mean time spent in extracurricular activities per week to be 5hours with a standard deviation of 2hours. Suppose that the researcher decides to carry out a significance test of H0: 渭suburban=渭city versus a two-sided alternativ

The P-value for the test is 0.048. A correct conclusion is to

a. fail to reject H0because0.048<伪=0.05. There is convincing evidence of a difference in the average time spent on extracurricular activities by students in the suburban and city school districts.

b. fail to reject H0because 0.048<伪=0.05. There is not convincing evidence of a difference in the average time spent on extracurricular activities by students in the suburban and city school districts.

c. fail to reject H0because0.048<伪=0.05. There is convincing evidence that the average time spent on extracurricular activities by students in the suburban and city school districts is the same.

d. reject H0because 0.048<伪=0.05. There is not convincing evidence of a difference in the average time spent on extracurricular activities by students in the suburban and city school districts.

e. reject H0because 0.048<伪=0.05 . There is convincing evidence of a difference in the average time spent on extracurricular activities by students in the suburban and city school districts.

Happy customers As the Hispanic population in the United States has grown, businesses have tried to understand what Hispanics like. One study interviewed separate random samples of Hispanic and Anglo customers leaving a bank. Customers were classified as Hispanic if they preferred to be interviewed in Spanish or as Anglo if they preferred English. Each customer rated the importance of several aspects of bank service on a 10- point scale.25 Here are summary results for the importance of 鈥渞eliability鈥� (the accuracy of account records, etc.):

Researchers want to know if there is a difference in the mean reliability ratings of all Anglo and Hispanic bank customers.

a. State appropriate hypotheses for performing a significance test. Be sure to define the parameters of interest.

b. Check that the conditions for performing the test are met.

Which of the following will increase the power of a significance test?

a. Increase the Type II error probability.

b. Decrease the sample size.

c. Reject the null hypothesis only if the P-value is less than the significance level.

d. Increase the significance level 伪.

e. Select a value for the alternative hypothesis closer to the value of the null hypothesis.
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