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Chapter 4: Q. T4.13 (page 291)

Google and Gallup teamed up to survey a random sample of 1673U.S. students in grades. One of the questions was 鈥淗ow confident are you that you could learn computer science if you wanted to?鈥� Overall, 54%of students said they were very confident.

a. Identify the population and the sample.

b. Explain why it was better to randomly select the students rather than putting the survey question on a website and inviting students to answer the question.

c. Do you expect that the percent of all U.S. students in grades 7鈥�12 who would say 鈥渧ery confident鈥� is exactly 54%? Explain your answer.

d. The report also broke the results down by gender. For this question, 62%of males and 48% of females said they were very confident. Which of the three estimates (54%,62%,48%)do you expect is closest to the value it is trying to estimate? Explain your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The answer to these questions is:

a) Because not all samples were possible, it is not a simple random sample.
b) To account for hidden variables, one adult was picked at random.
c) This poll had several gaps in coverage. Those who did not have access to a telephone or who only had access to a cell phone were excluded from the study.
d) The survey results may not accurately reflect the views of the entire population.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

We have to identify the population and the sample.

02

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

Because not all samples were possible, it is not a simple random sample. Given their strategy, they couldn't have gotten all of the responders from the East Coast, for example.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

We have to tell why it was better to randomly select the students rather than putting the

survey question on a website.

04

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

To account for hidden variables, one adult was picked at random. Perhaps those who frequently answer the phone have a different perspective than those who do not frequently answer the phone.

05

Part (c) Step 1: Given information

We have to tell who would say 鈥渧ery confident鈥� is exactly 54%

06

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

There was under-coverage in this survey. Those who do not have telephones and those who have only cell phones were not part of the sampling frame, so their opinions were not measured. Since cell-honeonly users tend to be younger, the results of the survey may not accurately reflect the entire population鈥檚 opinions.

07

Part (c) Step 1: Given information

We have to tell about Which of the three estimates(54%, 62%, 48%) do you expect is closest to the value it is trying to estimate.

08

Part (d) Step 2: Explanation

There was under-coverage in this survey. Those who do not have telephones and those who have only cell phones were not part of the sampling frame, so their opinions were not measured. Since cell-honeonly users tend to be younger, the results of the survey may not accurately reflect the entire population鈥檚 \sopinions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Tweet, tweet! What proportion of students at your school use Twitter? To find out, you survey a simple random sample of students from the school roster.

a. Will your sample result be exactly the same as the true population proportion? Explain your answer.

b. Which would be more likely to produce a sample result closer to the true population value: an SRS of 50students or an SRS of 100students? Explain your answer.

Sampling gravestones The local genealogical society in Coles County, Illinois, has compiled records on all 55,194gravestones in cemeteries in the county for the years 1825to 1985. Historians plan to use these records to learn about African Americans in Coles County鈥檚 history. They first choose an SRS of 395records to check their accuracy by visiting the actual gravestones.

a. Explain how you would use a random number generator to choose the SRS. Your description should be clear enough for a classmate to carry out your plan.

b. Use your method from part (a) to choose the first 3gravestones

Checking for bias Comment on each of the following as a potential sample survey

question. Is the question clear? Is it slanted toward a desired response?

a. Which of the following best represents your opinion on gun control?

i. The government should confiscate our guns.

ii. We have the right to keep and bear arms.

b. A freeze in nuclear weapons should be favored because it would begin a much-needed

process to stop everyone in the world from building nuclear weapons now and reduce

the possibility of nuclear war in the future. Do you agree or disagree?

Rude surgeons, Is a friendly surgeon a better surgeon? In a study of more than 32,000

surgical patients from 7 different medical centers, researchers classified surgeons by the number of unsolicited complaints that had been recorded about their behavior. The researchers found that surgical complications were significantly more common in patients whose surgeons had received the most complaints, compared with patients whose surgeons had received the fewest complaints. What conclusion can we draw from this study? Explain your reasoning.

More testosterone Refer to Exercise 56. Could blinding be used in this experiment? Explain your reasoning. Why is blinding an important consideration in this context?

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