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Chapter 4: Q. T4.10 (page 290)

Can texting make you healthier? Researchers randomly assigned 700Australian adults

to either receive usual health care or usual heath care plus automated text messages with

positive messages, such as 鈥淲alking is cheap. It can be done almost anywhere. All you

need is comfortable shoes and clothing.鈥� The group that received the text messages

showed a statistically significant increase in physical activity鈥渟tatistically significant鈥� in this context?

a. The results of this study are very important.

b. The results of this study should be generalized to all people.

c. The difference in physical activity for the two groups is greater than 0.

d. The difference in physical activity for the two groups is very large.

e. The difference in physical activity for the two groups is larger than the difference

that could be expected to happen by chance alone.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The correct option is:

e. The difference in physical activity for the two groups is larger than the difference that could be expected to happen by chance alone.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

We have been given four options from which we have to select the correct one.

a. The results of this study are very important.

b. The results of this study should be generalized to all people.

c. The difference in physical activity for the two groups is greater than.

d. The difference in physical activity for the two groups is very large.

e. The difference in physical activity for the two groups is larger than the difference

that could be expected to happen by chance alone.

02

Explanation

Researchers from the University of Michigan's Department of Family Medicine have shown that, in addition to facilitating everyday dialogue, texting can help people adopt healthier behaviours and make it easier for health researchers to collect data.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Online polls Parade magazine posed the following question: 鈥淪hould drivers be banned

from using all cell phones?鈥� Readers were encouraged to vote online at parade.com. The

subsequent issue of Parade reported the results:2407(85%)said 鈥淵es鈥� and 410(15%)

said 鈥淣o.鈥�

a. What type of sample did the Parade survey obtain?

b. Explain why this sampling method is biased. Is 85%probably greater than or less than

the true percent of all adults who believe that all cell phone use while driving should be

banned? Why?

Close shave Which of two brands (XorY)of electric razor shaves closer? Researchers

want to design and carry out an experiment to answer this question using 50adult male

volunteers. Here鈥檚 one idea: Have all 50subjects shave the left sides of their faces with the

Brand Xrazor and shave the right sides of their faces with the Brand Yrazor. Then have

each man decide which razor gave the closer shave and compile the results.

a. Identify any flaws you see in the proposed design for this experiment.

b. Describe how you would design the experiment. Explain how your design addresses

each of the problems you identified in part (a).

To gather information about the validity of a new standardized test for 10th-grade students

in a particular state, a random sample of 15 high schools was selected from the state. The

new test was administered to every 10th-grade student in the selected high schools. What

kind of sample is this?

a. A simple random sample

b. A stratified random sample

c. A cluster sample

d. A systematic random sample

e. A voluntary response sample

Precise offers People often use round prices as first offers in a negotiation. But would a more precise number suggest that the offer was more reasoned and informed? In an experiment, 238adults played the role of a person selling a used car. Each adult received one of three initial offers: \(2000, \)1865(a precise under-offer), and \(2135(a precise over-offer). After hearing the initial offer, each subject made a counter-offer. The difference in the initial offer and counter-offer was the largest in the group that received the \)2000 offer. Describe how the researchers could have randomly assigned the subjects to the treatments

a. using slips of paper.

b. using technology.

c. using Table D.

Weekend birthdays Over the years, the percentage of births that are planned cesarean

sections has been rising. Because doctors can schedule these deliveries, there might be

more children born during the week and fewer born on the weekend than if births were

uniformly distributed throughout the week. To investigate, Mrs. McDonald and her class

selected an SRS of 73people born since1993 . Of these people, 24were born on Friday,

Saturday, or Sunday. To determine if these data provide convincing evidence that fewer than43%37 of people born since 1993were born on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday, 100simulated SRSs were selected. Each dot in the graph shows the number of people that were born on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday in a simulated SRS of 73people, assuming that each person

had a 43%chance of being born on one of these three days.

a. Explain how the graph illustrates the concept of sampling variability.

b. Based on the data from the study and the results of the simulation, is there convincing

evidence that fewer than 43%of people born since 1993were born on Friday, Saturday,

or Sunday? Explain your answer.
See all solutions

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