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Chapter 9: Q.94 (page 592)
Significance and sample size A study with subjects reported a result that was statistically significant at the level. Explain why this result might not be particularly large or important.
The sample size is too much large and for such large samples the value of the test statistic
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In planning a study of the birth weights of babies whose mothers did not see a
doctor before delivery, a researcher states the hypotheses as
Two-sided test The one-sample t statistic from a sample of observations for the two-sided test of has the value .
(a) Find the P-value for this test using (i) Table and (ii) your calculator. What conclusion would you draw at the significance level? At the significance level?
(b) Redo part (a) using an alternative hypothesis of .
How long does it take for a chunk of information to travel from one server to another and back on the Internet? According to the site internettrafficreport.com, a typical response time is milliseconds (about one-fifth of a second). Researchers collected data on response times of a random sample ofservers in Europe. A graph of the data reveals no strong skewness or outliers. The figure below displays Minitab output for a one-sample t interval for the population mean. Is there convincing evidence at the significance level that the site鈥檚 claim is incorrect? Use the confidence interval to justify your answer.
The design of controls and instruments affects how easily people can use them. A student project investigated this effect by asking right-handed students to turn a knob (with their right hands) that moved an indicator. There were two identical instruments, one with a right-hand thread (the knob turns clockwise) and the other with a left-hand thread (the knob must be turned counterclockwise). Each of the students used both instruments in a random order. The following table gives the times in seconds each subject took to move the indicator a fixed distance:
(a) Explain why it was important to randomly assign the order in which each subject used the two knobs.
(b) The project designers hoped to show that right-handed people find right-hand threads easier to use. Carry out a significance test at the significance level to investigate this claim
Explain in plain language why a significance test that is significant at the 1% level must always be significant at the 5% level. If a test is significant at the 5% level, what can you say about its significance at the 1% level?
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