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Chapter 5: Q 108. (page 333)
BMI (5.2) Suppose we select two American young women in this age group at random. Find the probability that at least one of them is classified as underweight. Show your work.
P (at least one of two underweight) =
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Tossing coins Imagine tossing a fair coin times. (a) What is the sample space for this chance
process? (b) What is the assignment of probabilities to outcomes in this sample space?
Scrabble In the game of Scrabble, each player begins by drawing 7 tiles from a bag containing 100 files. There are 42 vowels, 56 consonants, and 2 blank tiles in the bag. Chait chooses her 7 tiles and is surprised to discover that all of them are vowels. We can use a simulation to see if this result is likely to happen
by chance.
(a) State the question of interest using the language of probability.
(b) How would you use random digits to imitate one repetition of the process? What variable would you measure?
(c) Use the line of random digits below to perform one repetition. Copy these digits onto your paper. Mark directly on or above them to show how you
determined the outcomes of the change process. 00694 05977 19664 65441 20903 62371 22725 53340
(d) In 1000 repetitions of the simulation, there were 2 times when all 7 tiles were vowels. What conclusion would you draw?
Use the correct choice from the previous question and these random digits to simulate 10 shots:How many of these 10 shots are hits? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Color-blind men Refer to Exercise . Suppose we randomly select U.S. adult males. What鈥檚 the probability that at least one of them is red-green
color-blind? Design and carry out a simulation to answer this question. Follow the four-step process.
Brushing teeth, wasting water? A recent study reported that fewer than half of young adults turn off the water while brushing their teeth. Is the same true for teenagers? To find out, a group of statistics students asked an SRS of 60 students at their school if they usually brush with the water off. How many
students in the sample would need to say 鈥淣o鈥� to provide convincing evidence that fewer than half of the students at the school brush with the water off? The Fathom dot plot below shows the results of taking 200 SRSs of 60 students from a population in which the true proportion who brush with the
water off is 0.50.
(a) Suppose 27 students in the class鈥檚 sample say 鈥淣o.鈥� Explain why this result does not give convincing evidence that fewer than half of the school鈥檚 students brush their teeth with the water off.
(b) Suppose 18 students in the class鈥檚 sample say 鈥淣o.鈥� Explain why this result gives strong evidence that fewer than 50% of the school鈥檚 students brush
their teeth with the water off.
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