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Snowmobiles

(a) If we choose a survey respondent at random, what鈥檚 the probability that this individual (i) is a snowmobile owner? (ii) belongs to an environmental organization or owns a snowmobile? (iii) has never used a snowmobile given that the person belongs to an environmental organization?

(b) Are the events 鈥渋s a snowmobile owner鈥 and 鈥渂elongs to an environmental organization鈥 independent for the members of the sample? Justify your answer.

(c) If we choose two survey respondents at random, what鈥檚 the probability that (i) both are snowmobile owners? (ii) at least one of the two belongs to an environmental organization?

Short Answer

Expert verified

a). P(snowmobileowner)=0.1933.

P(Yesorsnowmobileowner)=0.3827.P(Neverused|Yes)=0.6951.

b). The events are not independent.

c). P(2snowmobileowner)=0.0374.

P(atleastoneyes)=0.3598.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given Information

02

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:

(i)P(snowmobile owner)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes

=2951526

0.1933

(ii)P(Yes or snowmobile owner)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes

=77+212+16+2791526

=5841526

0.3827

(iii) Definition conditional probability:

P(AB)=P(AandB)P(B)

The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:

P(Never usedYes)=P(Never used and Yes)P(Yes)

=212/1526305/1526

=212305

0.6951

03

Part (b) Step 2: Given Information

04

Part (b) Step 4: Explanation

The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:

P(snowmobile owner)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes

=2951526

0.1933

Definition of conditional probability:

P(AB)=P(AandB)P(B)

The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:

P(snowmobile ownerYes)=P(snowmobile owner andYes)P(Yes)

=16/1526305/1526

=16305

0.0525

Since the two probabilities P(snowmobile owner ) and P(snowmobileowner|Yes)are not equal, the events are not independent.

05

Part (c) Step 5: Given Information

06

Part (c) Step 6: Explanation

The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:

P(snowmobile owner)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes

=2951526

0.1933

P(No)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes

=12211526

0.8001

Multiplication rule and complement rule:

P(AandB)=P(A)P(B)

P(notA=1-P(A)

07

Part (c) Step 7: Explanation

Determine the probabilities using the multiplication and complement rule:

(i)P(2snowmobile owners)=(P(snowmobile owner))2

=0.19332

0.0374

(ii)P(2No)=(P(No))2

=0.80012

0.6402

P(at least one Yes)=1-P(2No)

=1-0.6402

=0.3598

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