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Refer to Exercise 77. We suspect that the more serious soccer players have more arthritis later in life. Do the data confirm this suspicion? Give graphical and numerical evidence to support your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified

There appears to be a link between top soccer and the development of arthritis.

Step by step solution

01

Given Information

Given:


EliteNon eliteDid not play
Arthritis10924
No Arthritis61206548
02

Concept

When objects need to be displayed in a way that demonstrates the hierarchical structure as well as amount or size, pyramid charts are the ideal choice. This can include positions in management, items sold, and business locations, among other things.

03

Explanation

Let's start by calculating the table's row and column totals:


EliteNon-eliteDid not playTotal
Arthritis1092410+9+24=43
No arthritis6120654861+206+548=815
Total10+61=719+206=21524+548=57243+815

Divide each number in the table by its column total to find the proportion of people with arthritis or no arthritis for each player group.


EliteNon eliteDid not play
Arthritis10/71=0.14089/215=0.041924/572=0.0420
No arthritis61/71=0.8592206/215=0.9581548/572=0.9580

Graph with bars

Each bar's width must be the same, and its height must be the same as the proportion in the previous table:

The percentage of elite players with arthritis (0.1408)is significantly greater than the percentage of players with arthritis in the other categories (0.0419/0.0420)As a result, it appears that top soccer and the development of arthritis are linked.

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