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Chapter 4: Q 93. (page 260)

The Community Intervention Trial for Smoking Cessation asked whether a community-wide advertising campaign would reduce smoking. The researchers located 11pairs of communities, each pair similar in location, size, economic status, and so on. One community in each pair participated in the advertising campaign and the other did not. This is

(a) an observational study.

(b) a matched pairs experiment.

(c) a completely randomized experiment.

(d) a randomized block design, but not matched pairs.

(e) a stratified random sample.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The correct option is (b) a matched pairs experiment.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

The researchers found 11 villages that were similar in terms of geography, size, economic position, and other factors.

02

Concept

The random assignment method assigns subjects to treatments based on chance. Before the treatments are applied, random assignment establishes treatment groups that are comparable (except for chance variance). In experiments, randomization and comparison combined prevent bias, or systematic favoritism.

03

Explanation

The community wanted to know if a community-wide advertising effort would help to reduce smoking. As a result, the population is made up of communities that have been divided into pairs based on how similar they are to limit variability among pairs. As a result, this experiment is a matched pairs experiment. As a result, option (b) is the proper choice.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Got deodorant? A group of students wants to perform an experiment to determine whether Brand A or Brand B deodorant lasts longer. One group member

suggests the following design: Recruit 40student volunteers鈥�20male and 20female. Separate by gender, since male and female bodies might respond

differently to deodorant. Give all the males Brand A deodorant and all the females Brand B. Have each student rate how well the deodorant is still working at the end of the school day on a 0 to 10 scale. Then compare ratings for the two treatments.

(a) Identify any flaws you see in the proposed design for this experiment.

(b) Describe how you would design the experiment. Explain how your design addresses each of the problems you identified in (a).

Is it an SRS? A corporation employs 2000male and 500 female engineers. A stratified random sample of 200 male and 50 female engineers gives each engineer 1 chance in 10 to be chosen. This sample design gives every individual in the population the same chance to be chosen for the sample. Is it an SRS? Explain your answer.

Sampling stuffed envelopes A large retailer prepares its customers鈥� monthly credit card bills using an automatic machine that folds the bills, stuffs them

into envelopes, and seals the envelopes for mailing. Are the envelopes completely sealed? Inspectors choose 40 envelopes from 1000 stuffed each hour for visual inspection. Identify the population and the sample.

When we take a census, we attempt to collect data from

(a) a stratified random sample.

(b) every individual selected in an SRS.

(c) every individual in the population.

(d) a voluntary response sample.

(e) a convenience sample.

Students as customers A high school student the newspaper plans to survey local businesses about the importance of students as customers. From telephone book listings, the newspaper staff chooses 150 businesses

at random. Of these, 73 return the questionnaire mailed by the staff. Identify the population and the sample.
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