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Penguins diving A study of king penguins looked for a relationship between how deep the penguins dive to seek food and how long they stay underwater.25 For all but the shallowest dives, there is a linear relationship that is different for different penguins. The study gives a scatterplot for

one penguin titled 鈥淭he Relation of Dive Duration (y) to Depth (x)鈥 Duration y is measured in minutes and depth x is in meters. The report then says, 鈥淭he regression equation for this bird is: y=2.69+0.0138x

(a) What is the slope of the regression line? Explain in specific language what this value says about this penguin鈥檚 dives.

(b) According to the regression line, how long does a typical dive to a depth of 200 meters last?

(c) Does the y-intercept of the regression line make any sense? If so, interpret it. If not, explain why not.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a) The regression slope is b=0.0138

Part (b) The length of dive for a depth of 200meters is 5.45minutes.

Part (c) Zero meters depth makes no sense.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

The regression equation for the bird is:y=2.69+0.0138x

02

Part (a) Step 2: Concept

A regression line is a straight line that depicts the change in a response variableywhen an explanatory variable x changes. By putting this x into the equation of the line, you may use a regression line to predict the value of y for any value of x

03

Part (a) Step 3: Explanation

The equation of the least-squares regression line, y=2.69+0.0138x

The rate at which the anticipated response Y moves among the line as the explanatory variable X changes are represented by the slope b of the above regression line (0.0138). Specifically, when X grows by one unit, b is the projected change in Y. When the depth of the dive increases by one meter, the dive duration increases by 0.0138 minutes. Hence, the slope is: b = 0.0138

04

Part (b) Step 1: Calculation

The equation of the least-squares regression line, y=2.69+0.0138x

When the depth is 200 meters, we are supposed to find the dive length. That example, given X = 200 meters, we must determine the projected value of Y

The following formula is used to compute the expected value of Y: y=2.69+0.0138x

=2.69+0.0138x200=5.45

Hence, this shows that length of dive for a depth of 200 meters is 5.45 minutes.

05

Part (c) Step 1: Explanation

The Y-intercept of the above regression line is 2.69

When the explanatory variable X=0this value is the predicted response, Y In the case of diving penguins, a depth of0 meters makes no sense.

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