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Chapter 3: Q 78. (page 197)
Measurements on young children in Mumbai, India, found this least-squares line for predicting height from the arm span x Measurements are in centimeters (cm).
One child in the Mumbai study had a height of and an arm spanThis child鈥檚 residual is
The correct option is (a)
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Bird colonies One of nature鈥檚 patterns connects the percent of adult birds in a colony that return from the previous year and the number of new adults that join the colony. Here are data for colonies of sparrow-hawks:
(a) Describe the direction, form, and strength of the relationship between number of new sparrow-hawks in a colony and percent of returning adults.
(b) For short-lived birds, the association between these variables is positive: changes in weather and food supply drive the populations of new and returning birds up or down together. For long-lived territorial birds, on the other hand, the association is negative because returning birds claim their territories in the colony and don鈥檛 leave room for new recruits. Which type of species is the sparrow-hawk? Explain.
Do heavier people burn more energy? Metabolic rate, the rate at which the body consumes energy, is important in studies of weight gain, dieting, and exercise. We have data on the lean body mass and resting metabolic rate for women who are subjects in a study of dieting. Lean body mass, given in kilograms, is a person鈥檚 weight leaving out all fat. Metabolic rate is measured in calories burned per hours. The researchers believe that lean body mass is an important influence on metabolic rate.
(a) Make a scatterplot on your calculator to examine the researchers鈥� belief.
(b) Describe the direction, form, and strength of the relationship.
In its Fuel Economy Guide for model vehicles, the Environmental Protection Agency gives data on vehicles. There are a number of outliers, mainly vehicles with very poor gas mileage. If we ignore the outliers, however, the combined city and highway gas mileage of the other
or so vehicles is approximately Normal with mean miles per gallon (mpg) and standard deviation mpg.
In my Chevrolet The Chevrolet Malibu with a four-cylinder engine has a combined gas
mileage of . What percent of all vehicles have worse gas mileage than the Malibu?
Do heavier people burn more energy? The study of dieting described in Exercise 10 collected data on the lean body mass (in kilograms) and metabolic rate (in calories) for female andmale subjects. The figure below is a scatterplot of the data for all subjects, with separate symbols for males and females.
Does the same overall pattern hold for both women and men? What is the most important difference between the sexes?
Interpret the value of this subject鈥檚 residual in context.
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