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Competitive rowers The research in the previous exercise also wondered whether skilled and novice rowers differ in weight or other physical characteristics. Graphs of the data reveal no outliers or strong skewness. Here is the SAS computer output for weight in kilograms:

(a) Calculate the missing t statistic in the computer output. Show your work.

(b) Is there significant evidence of a difference in the mean weights of skilled and novice rowers? Justify your answer. (Note that SAS provides two-sided P-values.)

(c) If the P-value had been computed using the more conservative number of degrees of freedom, would it have been greater than, equal to, or less than 0.6165Justify your answer without doing any calculations.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The missing t statistic in the computer output is 0.5143.

(b) There is no significant evidence for a difference in the mean weights of skilled and novice rowers.

(c) A lower degree of freedom leads to a higher P-value.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

The given data is

02

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

The given values are

x1=70.37

x2=68.45

s1=6.10

s2=9.04

n1=10

n2=8

Determine the hypothesis

H0:1=2

Ha:12

Find the test statistic

localid="1650519634974" t=x1-x2s12n1+s22n2=70.37-68.456.10210+9.04280.5143.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

The given data is

04

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

From the given data in part (a)

Find the hypothesis

H0:1=2

Ha:12

Find the test statistic

localid="1650519670442" t=x1-x2s12n1+s22n2=70.37-68.456.10210+9.04280.5143

Find the degree of freedom

localid="1650519689707" df=minn1-1,n2-1=min(10-1,8-1)=7

The P-value is the chance of getting the test statistic's result or a number that is more severe. The P-value is the number (or interval) in Table B's column title that corresponds to the t-value in the row df=7

P>20.25=0.50

If the P-value is less than or equal to the significance level, then the null hypothesis is rejected:

P>0.05FailtorejectH0

There is no sufficient evidence to support the claim of a difference.

05

Part (c) Step 1: Given information

The given data is

06

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

Determine the degrees of freedom using the conservative approach:

df=minn1-1,n2-1=min(10-1,8-1)=7

We note that the degrees of freedom is less than the degrees of freedom in the output of11.8

A lower degree of freedom leads to a higher P-value.

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