/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 72 The article "Display of Health R... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 1: Problem 72

The article "Display of Health Risk Behaviors on MySpace by Adolescents" (Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine [2009]: \(27-34\) ) described a study in which researchers looked at a random sample of 500 publicly accessible MySpace web profiles posted by 18-year-olds. The content of each profile was analyzed. One of the conclusions reported was that displaying sport or hobby involvement was associated with decreased references to risky behavior (sexual references or references to substance abuse or violence). a. Is it reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all 18-year-olds with a publicly accessible MySpace web profile? What aspect of the study supports your answer? b. Not all MySpace users have a publicly accessible profile. Is it reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all 18-year-old MySpace users? Explain. c. Is it reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all MySpace users with a publicly accessible profile? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Yes, it is reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all 18-year-olds with a publicly accessible MySpace web profile, as a random sample was used, ensuring the sample's representativeness. b. No, it's not reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all 18-year-old MySpace users since the sample may not accurately represent those with private profiles, and there could be differences in posting behaviors. c. No, it's not reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all MySpace users with publicly accessible profiles, as the study focused only on 18-year-olds, which may not fairly represent the population of all MySpace users with publicly accessible profiles.

Step by step solution

01

a. Generalizing to all 18-year-olds with publicly accessible MySpace profiles

To determine whether it's reasonable to generalize the conclusion to all 18-year-olds with a publicly accessible MySpace web profile, we should consider the sampling method used in this study. The exercise mentioned that researchers looked at a random sample of 500 publicly accessible MySpace web profiles posted by 18-year-olds. Since a random sample was used, it can help ensure that the sample is representative of the larger population of interest, which, in this case, is 18-year-olds with a publicly accessible MySpace web profile. Therefore, it is reasonable to generalize the conclusion to this specific population of MySpace users.
02

b. Generalizing to all 18-year-old MySpace users

Since the study only focused on MySpace profiles that were publicly accessible, the sample may not accurately represent 18-year-olds who have private profiles as well. There could be differences in posting behaviors and content shared between users with public and private profiles that could impact the conclusions drawn about health risk behaviors and hobbies. Due to this limitation, it's not reasonable to generalize the conclusion to all 18-year-old MySpace users, especially those with private profiles.
03

c. Generalizing to all MySpace users with publicly accessible profiles

The study only focused on a specific age group of 18-year-olds, which may not fairly represent the population of all MySpace users with publicly accessible profiles. Different age groups may have different posting behaviors, and health risk behaviors might vary across age groups as well. Expanding the conclusions to all MySpace users with publicly accessible profiles would introduce bias since we are not accounting for these potential differences. Therefore, it's not reasonable to generalize the stated conclusion to all MySpace users with publicly accessible profiles.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Random Sampling
In research, choosing the right sampling method is crucial for yielding valid results. Random sampling is one such method where every individual in a population has an equal chance of being selected. This process helps ensure a fair representation of the population, minimizing bias. In the study discussed, 500 publicly accessible MySpace profiles of 18-year-olds were selected through a random sampling technique. This allows researchers to assume that their sample reflects the broader population of teens with public profiles. By doing so, they can draw conclusions that are likely to be applicable across all 18-year-olds in their specific sample category. However, this approach also has limitations, such as not accounting for those who choose to keep their profiles private. Despite these gaps, random sampling remains a valuable tool because it helps gather data that can reliably inform about the larger population.
Generalization
Generalization involves applying findings from a study to a broader group beyond the studied sample. While useful, it should be approached cautiously. In this context, generalization was applied to see if the research conclusions on MySpace profiles could extend to all 18-year-olds with publicly accessible profiles. Since a random sample was used, it may be reasonable to generalize the conclusions to this specific population. However, when considering applying this to all 18-year-old MySpace users, potential discrepancies arise. Users with private profiles may behave differently online, affecting how we interpret risk behaviors and sport or hobby involvement. Thus, generalizing beyond the studied sample risks overlooking these nuanced differences and might result in faulty assumptions. Therefore, researchers must always weigh the representativeness of their sample before generalizing results.
Health Risk Behaviors
The study in question examined health risk behaviors displayed on MySpace profiles. These behaviors include references to substance abuse, violence, and sexual activities. Interestingly, the study found that those who showcased engagement in sports or hobbies referenced risky behaviors less frequently. This suggests a potential inverse relationship, where active involvement could deter harmful habits. Observations like these are vital as they help understand the influence of positive activities on teenagers' online representations. Discussions around health risk behaviors are an essential part of adolescent behavioral studies. They provide insights into how young individuals perceive and exhibit risk, and can guide supportive strategies to encourage healthier lifestyle choices. This understanding aids parents, educators, and policymakers in promoting environments that minimize risk exposure while enhancing youth wellbeing.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

An article titled "Guard Your Kids Against Allergies: Get Them a Pet" (San Luis Obispo Tribune, August 28,2002\()\) described a study that led researchers to conclude that "babies raised with two or more animals are about half as likely to have allergies by the time they turned six." Explain why it is not reasonable to conclude that being raised with two or more animals is the cause of the observed lower allergy rate.

For each of the statistical studies described, indicate whether the study is an observational study or an experiment. Give a brief explanation for your choice. The article "Baby Scientists Experiment with Everything" (The Wall Street Journal, April 18,2015 ) describes a series of studies published in the journal Science. In one of these studies, 11 -month old children were assigned to one of two groups. The children in one group were shown a ball behaving as expected, such as rolling into a wall or falling off an edge. The children in the other group were shown a ball behaving in an unexpected way, such as rolling through what appeared to be a solid wall or rolling off an edge and remaining suspended in the air. The children were then given a ball and another toy. The researchers found that the children in the group that saw the ball behaving as expected showed no preference for the ball over the other toy, but that the children who saw the ball behaving in an unexpected way tended to choose the ball, and that they also played with it differently and tested the ball's behavior by dropping it or rolling it.

In 2000 , the chairman of a California ballot initiative campaign to add "none of the above" to the list of ballot options in all candidate races was quite critical of a Field poll that showed his measure trailing by 10 percentage points. The poll was based on a random sample of 1000 registered voters in California. He is quoted by the Associated Press (January 30,2000 ) as saying, "Field's sample in that poll equates to one out of 17,505 voters." This was so dishonest, he added, that Field should get out of the polling business! If you worked on the Field poll, how would you respond to this criticism?

A survey of Arizona drivers is described in the article "Study Claims Safety Should Be Made Law" (Red Rock News, August 21,2015\()\). The following statement is from the article: According to the annual survey, which aims to gauge the opinions and concerns of the motoring public across the state regarding traffic safety, Arizona drivers want better traffic safety laws. The survey showed that nine in 10 Arizonans -91 percent \(-\) favor a statewide ban on texting while driving for all drivers, and about two-thirds -64 percent \(-\) favor a primary seat belt law. The article also describes how the data for this survey were collected. A survey was mailed to 2500 randomly selected AAA Arizona members (AAA Arizona is an automobile club that provides services to approximately 860,000 members in Arizona). The article did not indicate how many of the surveys were actually returned. The results of this survey were generalized to all Arizona drivers. Answer the following four questions for this observational study. (Hint: Reviewing Examples 1.4 and 1.5 might be helpful.) a. What is the population of interest? b. Was the sample selected in a reasonable way? c. Is the sample likely to be representative of the population of interest? d. Are there any obvious sources of bias?

The article "Doctor Dogs Diagnose Cancer by Sniffing It Out" (Knight Ridder Newspapers, January 9, 2006) refers to an experiment described in the journal Integrative Cancer Therapies. In this experiment, dogs were trained to distinguish between people with breast and lung cancer and people without cancer by sniffing exhaled breath. Dogs were trained to lie down if they detected cancer in a breath sample. After training, the dogs' ability to detect cancer was tested using breath samples from people whose breath had not been used in training the dogs. The paper states, "The researchers blinded both the dog handlers and the experimental observers to the identity of the breath samples." Explain why this blinding is an important aspect of the design of this experiment.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Math Textbooks

Probability and Statistics

Read Explanation

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics

Read Explanation

Pure Maths

Read Explanation

Logic and Functions

Read Explanation

Mechanics Maths

Read Explanation

Applied Mathematics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.