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Chapter 1: Problem 7

Determine whether the underlined value is a parameter or a statistic. Following the 2014 national midterm election, \(18 \%\) of the governors of the 50 United States were female. Source: National Governors Association

Short Answer

Expert verified
Parameter

Step by step solution

01

- Understand the Terminology

Parameters are numerical values that summarize data for an entire population. Statistics are numerical values that summarize data from a sample of the population.
02

- Identify the Given Value

The problem states that 18% of the governors of the 50 United States were female following the 2014 national midterm election.
03

- Determine the Population

The population here is the group of all governors of the 50 United States. Since this data summarizes all governors and not just a sample, it pertains to the entire population.
04

- Classify the Value

Since the value 18% describes the proportion of female governors in the entire population of 50 U.S. governors, it is a parameter, not a statistic.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

population
To grasp the concept of population, imagine you are looking at a complete set of individuals or items that you want to understand or study. For instance, in our exercise, the population refers to all 50 governors of the United States.
Populations are usually large and include every member of the group you are studying. Examples of populations include all students in a university, every tree in a forest, or every product produced by a factory.
This broad group forms the basis for parameters and provides a comprehensive view of the subject being studied. Depending on the study's goal, defining the correct population is crucial for accurate analysis.
sample
A sample is a smaller group selected from a population. It is used to make inferences or draw conclusions about the entire population. Selecting a sample helps with practical limitations such as time and cost.
In research, sampling must be done carefully to ensure it accurately represents the population. For example, if we want to study the average height of students in a school, measuring the height of every student can be impractical. Instead, we would take a sample - a smaller group of students - and measure their heights.
This sample data should reflect the diversity and characteristics of the entire student body for the results to be valid. The concept of a sample is vital for conducting efficient and reliable research.
numerical values
Numerical values are at the heart of data analysis; they provide quantifiable data that can be easily interpreted and understood. These values come in two forms: parameters and statistics.
Parameters are numerical values that summarize data for an entire population. In our exercise, the 18% of female governors is a parameter because it reflects the entire population of 50 U.S. governors.
On the other hand, statistics are numerical values that summarize data from a sample. If we had only looked at a group of governors from a few states, the value we obtained would be a statistic.
Understanding the difference between parameters and statistics is key for correctly analyzing and interpreting data.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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