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Chapter 1: Problem 43

A research objective is presented. For each, identify the population and sample in the study. Folate and Hypertension Researchers want to determine whether or not higher folate intake is associated with a lower risk of hypertension (high blood pressure) in women ( 27 to 44 years of age). To make this determination, they look at 7373 cases of hypertension in these women and find that those who consume at least 1000 micrograms per day \((\mu \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{d})\) of total folate had a decreased risk of hypertension compared with those who consume less than \(200 \mu \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{d}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
Population: All women aged 27 to 44. Sample: 7373 women cases of hypertension.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Research Objective

The objective is to determine if higher folate intake is linked with lower risk of hypertension in women aged 27 to 44.
02

Identify the Population

The population is all women aged 27 to 44 years.
03

Identify the Sample

The sample is the group of 7373 women cases of hypertension studied to make the determination.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Population in Statistics
In statistics, the term 'population' refers to the entire group of individuals or observations that share a common characteristic. This characteristic depends on the research objective. In the given exercise, the population comprises all women aged 27 to 44 years. Researchers aim to draw conclusions about this entire group based on their findings. The concept of a population is fundamental because it defines the scope of the research and helps in generalizing the findings to a broader group. It's important to note that the population is not just any large group; it is specifically defined by the criteria relevant to the study.
Sample in Research
A sample is a subset of the population that is selected for the actual study. It serves to represent the population and provides the data needed for analysis. In our specific example, the sample consists of 7373 women aged 27 to 44 with cases of hypertension. This sample is used to make inferences about the entire population. Selecting an appropriate sample is crucial because it affects the validity and reliability of the research findings. A well-chosen sample accurately reflects the population, which allows researchers to generalize their results more confidently.
Research Methodology
Research methodology refers to the systematic approach used to conduct the study. It includes methods for data collection, analysis, and interpretation. In this exercise, researchers collected data on folate intake and hypertension incidence among women aged 27 to 44. The study also looks at specific measurements, such as folate intake levels and the incidence of hypertension. Here's a simple breakdown of the key steps:
  • Define the research objective.
  • Choose the population and sample.
  • Collect the data.
  • Analyze the data.
  • Interpret the results and draw conclusions.

This structured approach ensures that the findings are based on clear, reproducible methods. It helps validate and verify the results, ensuring that they are as accurate and useful as possible.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In Problems 11-22, identify the type of sampling used. A school board at a local community college is considering raising the student services fees. The board wants to obtain the opinion of the student body before proceeding. Design a sampling method to obtain the individuals in the sample. Be sure to support your choice.

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