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Chapter 3: Q12E (page 169)

Male nannies. In a survey conducted by the International Nanny Association (INA) and reported on the INA Web site (www.nanny.org), 4,176 nannies were placed in a job in a given year. Only 24 of the nannies placed were men. Find the probability that a randomly selected nanny placed during the last year is a male nanny (a 鈥渕annie鈥�).

Short Answer

Expert verified

The probability that a randomly selected nanny is a male nanny is 0.0057.

Step by step solution

01

Step-by-Step SolutionStep 1: Probability

Probability refers to the chance of something happening. It is a mathematical branch that studies the occurrence of a random event. The value is given as a number ranging from 0 to 1. Probability has been created to forecast how probable occurrences are to occur. Probability relates to how something is likely to occur.

02

Identify the probability of a male nanny

Given that,

Total number of nannies = 4,176

Number of male nannies = 24

P(malenanny)=TotalnumberofnanniesNumberofmalenanny=244,176=0.0057

Hence, the probability that a randomly selected nanny is a male nanny is0.0057.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Is a product 鈥済reen鈥�?A 鈥済reen鈥� product (e.g., a productbuilt from recycled materials) is one that has minimal impact on the environment and human health. How do consumers determine if a product is 鈥済reen鈥�? The 2011

ImagePower Green Brands Survey asked this question of more than 9,000 international consumers. The results are shown in the following table.

Reason for saying a product is green

Percentage of consumers

Certification mark on label

45

Packaging

15

Reading information about the product

12

Advertisement

6

Brand we site

4

Other

18

Total

100

a.What method is an international consumer most likely to use to identify a green product?

b.Find the probability that an international consumer identifies a green product by a certification mark on the product label or by the product packaging.

c.Find the probability that an international consumer identifies a green product by reading about the product or from information at the brand鈥檚 Web site.

d.Find the probability that an international consumer does not use advertisements to identify a green product.

Cell phone handoff behaviour. A 鈥渉andoff鈥� is a term used in wireless communications to describe the process of a cell phone moving from the coverage area of one base station to that of another. Each base station has multiple channels (called color codes) that allow it to communicate with the cell phone. The Journal of Engineering, Computing and Architecture (Vol. 3., 2009) published a cell phone handoff behavior study. During a sample driving trip that involved crossing from one base station to another, the different color codes accessed by the cell phone were monitored and recorded. The table below shows the number of times each color code was accessed for two identical driving trips, each using a different cell phone model. (Note: The table is similar to the one published in the article.) Suppose you randomly select one point during the combined driving trips.

Color code

0

5

b

c

Total

Model 1

20

35

40

0

85

Model 2

15

50

6

4

75

Total

35

85

46

4

160

a. What is the probability that the cell phone was using color code 5?

b. What is the probability that the cell phone was using color code 5 or color code 0?

c. What is the probability that the cell phone used was Model 2 and the color code was 0?

Workers鈥� unscheduled absence survey. Each year CCH, Inc., a firm that provides human resources and employment law information, conducts a survey on absenteeism in the workplace. The latest CCH Unscheduled Absence Surveyfound that of all unscheduled work absences, 34% are due to 鈥減ersonal illness,鈥� 22% for 鈥渇amily issues,鈥� 18% for 鈥減ersonal needs,鈥� 13% for 鈥渆ntitlement mentality,鈥� and 13% due to 鈥渟tress.鈥� Consider a randomly selected employee who has an unscheduled work absence.

a. List the sample points for this experiment.

b. Assign reasonable probabilities to the sample points.

c. What is the probability that the absence is due to something other than 鈥減ersonal illness鈥�?

On-the-job arrogance and task performance. Human Performance (Vol. 23, 2010) published the results of a study that found that arrogant workers are more likely to have poor performance ratings. Suppose that 15% of all full-time workers exhibit arrogant behaviors on the job and that 10% of all full-time workers will receive a poor performance rating. Also, assume that 5% of all full-time workers exhibit arrogant behaviors and receive a poor performance rating. Let A be the event that a full-time worker exhibits arrogant behavior. Let B be the event that a full-time worker will receive a poor performance rating.

a. Are the events A and B mutually exclusive? Explain.

b. Find P(B/A).

c. Are the events A and B independent? Explain.

Speeding linked to fatal car crashes. According to the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration鈥檚 National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA), 鈥淪peeding is one of the most prevalent factors contributing to fatal traffic crashes鈥� (NHTSA Technical Report, August 2005). The probability that speeding is a cause of a fatal crash is .3. Furthermore, the probability that speeding and missing a curve are causes of a fatal crash is .12. Given speeding is a cause of a fatal crash, what is the probability that the crash occurred on a curve?
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