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Chapter 2: Q135E (page 139)

Museum management. Refer to the Museum Management and Curatorship (June 2010) study of how museums evaluate their performance, Exercise 2.14 (p. 74). Recall that managers of 30 contemporary art museums identified the performance measure used most often. A summary of the results is reproduced in the table. Consider the bar graph shown. Identify two ways the bar graph might mislead the viewer by overemphasizing the importance of one of the performance measures.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Misleading graphs portray false conclusions by misrepresenting the statistical information provided. They're also known as misshapen graphs. Intentionally or accidentally, deceptive graphs might be created.

Step by step solution

01

Misleading graph

A misleading graph also referred to as a skewed chart, misrepresents data, resulting in a statistical error and the drawing of an inaccurate conclusion. Graphs can be deceptive if they are overly complicated or badly structured. Even when designed to depict the features of its information accurately, graphs might be vulnerable to conflicting interpretations, and undesired types of information can be created. Deceptive graphs can be intentionally misleading, or they might result in somebody not comprehending the facts underlying the graph they make.

02

Two ways in mislead the graph

The vertical axis of a bar graph should begin at 0. However, it begins at 12 in this case.

a) The vertical axis does not begin at 0 degrees.

Moreover, because the width is unequal, we cannot comprehend the meaning of area, i.e., final tally.

b) The bars are not all the same width.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Ranking driving performance of professional golfers.A group of researchers developed a new method forranking the total driving performance of golfers on theProfessional Golf Association (PGA) tour (The Sport Journal,Winter 2007). The method requires knowinga golfer鈥檚 average driving distance (yards) and drivingaccuracy (percent of drives that land in the fairway).The values of these two variables are used to compute adriving performance index. Data for 40 PGA golfers (asranked by the new method for a recent tour year) aresaved in the accompanying file. The first five and last fiveobservations are listed in the table below.

a.Find the mean, median, and mode for the 40 driving performance index values.

b.Interpret each of the measures of central tendency, part a.

c.Use the results, part a,to make a statement about the type of skewness in the distribution of driving performance indexes. Support your statement with a graph.

Question: Repair and replacement costs of water pipes.Pipes used in a water distribution network are susceptible to breakage due to a variety of factors. When pipes break, engineers must decide whether to repair or replace the broken pipe.

A team of civil engineers estimated the ratio of repair to replacement cost of commercial pipe based on the diameter (in millimeters) of the pipe. (IHS Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,September 2012.) Data for a sample of 13 different pipe sizes are provided in the table. Use a scatterplot to aid the engineers in detecting a trend in the data. Does it appear that the ratio of repair to replacement cost is strongly associated with pipe size?

DIAMETER

RATIO

80

6.58

100

6.97

125

7.39

150

7.61

200

7.78

250

7.92

300

8.20

350

8.42

400

8.60

450

8.97

500

9.31

600

9.47

700

9.72

Parking at a university has become a problem. The university鈥檚 administrators are interested in determining the average time it takes a student to find a parking spot. An administrator inconspicuously followed 190 students and recorded how long it took each of them to find a parking spot. The durations had a distribution that was skewed to the left. Based on this information, discuss the relationship between the mean and the median for the 190 times collected.

Consider the horizontal box plot shown below.


a.What is the median of the data set (approximately)?

b.What are the upper and lower quartiles of the data set (approximately)?

c.What is the interquartile range of the data set (approximately)?

d.Is the data set skewed to the left, skewed to the right, or symmetric?

e.What percentage of the measurements in the data set lie to the right of the median? To the left of the upper quartile?

f.Identify any outliers in the data.

Question: For any set of data, what can be said about the percentage of the measurements contained in each of the following intervals?

a.xbar- sto xbar+ s

b.xbar- 2sto xbar+ 2s

c.xbar- 3sto xbar+ 3s
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