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In Problems \(9-34\), sketch the graph of the given piece wise-defined function. Find any \(x\) - and \(y\) intercepts of the graph. Give any numbers at which the function is discontinuous. $$ y=\left\\{\begin{array}{ll} 1, & x<0 \\ |x-1|, & 0 \leq x \leq 2 \\ 1, & x>2 \end{array}\right. $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
X-intercept at \((1, 0)\); Y-intercept at \((0, 1)\); No discontinuities.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Piecewise Function

The given function has three different expressions based on the interval of \(x\). 1. For \(x < 0\), \(y = 1\).2. For \(0 \leq x \leq 2\), \(y = |x-1|\).3. For \(x > 2\), \(y = 1\).We will analyze the function over these intervals to sketch the graph.
02

Analyze the First Interval \(x < 0\)

For \(x < 0\), the function is simply \(y = 1\), which is a horizontal line along \(y = 1\). This line extends to the left of the y-axis.
03

Analyze Interval \(0 \leq x \leq 2\)

For \(0 \leq x \leq 2\), \(y = |x-1|\). This absolute value function translates to a V-shaped graph with the vertex at \((1, 0)\).- When \(x = 0\), \(y = |0-1| = 1\).- When \(x = 1\), \(y = |1-1| = 0\).- When \(x = 2\), \(y = |2-1| = 1\).These give points: \((0, 1)\), \((1, 0)\), and \((2, 1)\).This segment of the graph has the shape of a V.
04

Analyze the Third Interval \(x > 2\)

For \(x > 2\), the function returns to \(y = 1\). This is a horizontal line again along \(y = 1\), extending right starting from \(x = 2\).
05

Determine Intercepts

**X-intercept:** This is where \(y = 0\). For interval \(0 \leq x \leq 2\), at point \(x = 1\), \(y = 0\), so x-intercept is at \((1, 0)\).**Y-intercept:** This is where \(x = 0\). From \(x = 0\), \(y = 1\) in the interval \(0 \leq x \leq 2\), so y-intercept is at \((0, 1)\).
06

Check for Discontinuities

The function changes definition at \(x = 0\) and \(x = 2\). However, the value of the function does not change at these points:- At \(x = 0\), the left limit is 1, and the function value is also 1.- At \(x = 2\), the right limit is 1, and the function value is 1.Thus, there are no discontinuities in this piecewise function.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Graph Sketching
When it comes to sketching the graph of a piecewise function, you start by identifying the intervals for each piece of the function. For our specific function, we have three parts:
The first part is for when \(x < 0\). Here, the function is simply \(y = 1\), represented by a horizontal line at \(y = 1\) extending to the left.Next, from \(0 \leq x \leq 2\), the function changes to \(y = |x-1|\). This absolute value equation creates a V-shaped graph that has a vertex where \(x = 1\). You plot points such as \( (0, 1)\), \( (1, 0)\), and \( (2, 1)\).Finally, for \(x > 2\), the function returns to \(y = 1\), sketching another horizontal line along \(y = 1\), this time extending to the right from \(x = 2\).Combining these segments, you sketch a graph with a central V shape flanked by horizontal lines. Plotting these clearly shows how the function behaves across different intervals.
Intercepts
Intercepts are the points where the graph crosses the axes. For the x-intercept, we look for where the graph meets the x-axis, or where \(y = 0\).
  • For the interval \(0 \leq x \leq 2\), you find the x-intercept at point \(x = 1\) since \(y = 0\) at this location. Thus, the x-intercept is at \( (1, 0)\).
  • The y-intercept is located where the graph intersects the y-axis, which is when \(x = 0\). Evaluating with the piece \(0 \leq x \leq 2\) gives \(y = 1\) at \(x = 0\). Thus, the y-intercept is at point \( (0, 1)\).
These intercepts provide critical reference points that aid in sketching the graph accurately and understanding the function's overall behavior.
Discontinuities
Discontinuities in a function occur where the function's graph has an abrupt change or "jump". For this specific piecewise function, we assess the points where the function switches between pieces, namely \(x = 0\) and \(x = 2\).
At \(x = 0\), although there is a shift in the function's rule from \(y = 1\) to \(y = |x-1|\), the function itself remains continuous. The left limit (approaching from values of \(x < 0\)) is 1, and the function value at \(x = 0\) is also 1.Similarly, at \(x = 2\), the function goes from \(y = |x-1|\) back to \(y = 1\). Again, the right limit (coming from values of \(x > 2\)) is 1, matching the actual function value at that point.Since these transitions uphold continuity at \(x = 0\) and \(x = 2\), this piecewise function is continuous throughout all plotted intervals, with no discontinuities.

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