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In Problems 11, analyze each polynomial function by following Steps 1 through 8 on page 190.

f(x)=(x-1)2(x+3)(x+1)

Short Answer

Expert verified

The graph is shown below:

Step by step solution

01

Given information

The given function is f(x)=(x-1)2(x+3)(x+1).

02

Determine the x-intercept and y-intercept

For x-intercept, substitute 0for fxand then solve for x.

0=(x-1)2(x+3)(x+1)x=1,-1,-3

For y-intercept, substitute 0for yand then solve for role="math" localid="1649266689167" fx.

f(x)=(0-1)2(0+3)(0+1)=3

03

Identify the zeros of the function and their respective multiplicities. 

The zeros of the function are the x-intercepts.

Multiplicity is the number of times a certain factor appears in the function.

An odd multiplicity at a certain zero of the function means the graph crosses that point.

An even multiplicity at a certain zero of the function means the graph touches that point.

Find whether the graph crosses or touches the horizontal axis at the x-intercepts.

The zeros of fxare -3,-1 and 1 .

The zero -3 has a multiplicity of 1 , so the graph of fxcrosses the horizontal axis at x=-3.

The zero -1 has a multiplicity of 1 , so the graph of fxcrosses the horizontal axis at x=-1.

The zero 1 has a multiplicity of 2 , so the graph of fxtouches the horizontal axis at x=1.

04

Determine the turning points. 

Identify the highest number of turning points on the graph of the function.

Since f(x) has a degree of 4 , the graph has at most 4-1=3 turning points.

05

Use a graphing utility to graph the function.  

By using the graphing utility, the graph of the given function is shown below:

06

Approximate the turning points of the graph. 

There are 4 points where the graph changes from an increasing function to a decreasing one and vice versa.

Reading from the graph, the turning points are-2.28,-9.92,-0.22,3.23and1,0

07

Find the domain and the range of the function. 

The domain of the function is all real numbers, meaning-∞,+∞

The range of the function is all real numbers, meaningrole="math" localid="1649267499771" [-10,+∞)

08

Use the graph to determine where the function is increasing and where it is decreasing.  

The function fis increasing on [-2.3,-0.2]and[1,∞).

The functionfis decreasing on (-∞,-2.3]and[-0.2,1].

09

Write the conclusion 

The y-intercept is 3 , the x-intercepts are 1,-3 and -1, while the end behavior model is y=x4.

The turning points are (-2.3,-10),(-0.2,3.2) and (1,0), the function increasing on [-2.3,-0.2] and [1,∞), decreasing on (-∞,-2.3]and [-0.2,1]while the domain is all real numbers which is (-∞,+∞)and range is set of real numbers starting from -10 which is [-10,∞).

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