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Chapter 7: Q. 80 (page 458)

The steepness of sand bunkers on a golf course is affected by the angle of repose of the sand

(a larger angle of repose allows for steeper bunkers). A freestanding pile of loose sand from a United States Golf Association

(USGA) bunker had a height of 4 feet and a base diameter of approximately 6.68 feet.

(a) Find the angle of repose for USGA bunker sand.

(b) What is the height of such a pile if the diameter of the base is 8 feet?

(c) A 6-foot high pile of loose Tour Grade 50/50 sand has a base diameter of approximately 8.44 feet. Which type of sand (USGA

or Tour Grade 50/50) would be better suited for steep bunkers?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) The angle of repose is50.14鈭�.

(b) The height of the pile is 4.79ft.

(c) Tour grade50/50would be suited.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1. Given Information

A freestanding pile of loose sand from a United States Golf Association

(USGA) bunker had a height of 4 feet and a base diameter of approximately 6.68 feet.

02

Part (a) Step 2. Calculation

h=4ftr=6.682angle=cot-1rh=cot-13.344=50.14鈭�

03

Part (b) Step 1. Calculation

angle=50.14鈭�r=82angle=cot-1rhh=rcot(50.14鈭�)h=4cot(50.14鈭�)=4.79ft

04

Part (c) Step 1. Calculation

for tour grade 50/50,h=6feet

r=8.442Angleofreposecot-14.222=54.88

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