/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 68 Condense the expression to the l... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

91Ó°ÊÓ

Condense the expression to the logarithm of a single quantity. $$\log _{5} 8-\log _{5} t$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The condensed expression of the given logarithmic expressions is \(\log _{5} (8/t)\).

Step by step solution

01

- Identify the expressions

Look at the given expression \(\log _{5} 8-\log _{5} t\). Identify the rule that applies to this. In this case, the quotient rule is applicable because the operation between the log expressions is subtraction.
02

- Apply the quotient rule

Use the quotient rule to combine the two log expressions into a single logarithmic term. According to this rule, \(\log_b a - \log_b c = \log_b (a/c)\). Replace a by 8 and c by t to get \(\log _{5} (8/t)\).
03

- Final result

The log expression has been successfully condensed into a single logarithm \(\log _{5} (8/t)\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Quotient Rule for Logarithms
Learning to condense logarithmic expressions is a valuable skill when dealing with logarithms, and the quotient rule for logarithms is one of the most crucial tools for this task. Imagine you have two logarithms with the same base that are being subtracted, like two pieces of a puzzle that perfectly fit together when you apply just the right rule.

The quotient rule for logarithms states that for any positive numbers 'a' and 'c', and base 'b', where 'b' is greater than 0 and not equal to 1, the expression can be rewritten as follows: \For \( \log_b a - \log_b c\), the result is \( \log_b \left(\frac{a}{c}\right)\)<\/strong\>. This is equivalent to taking the division of 'a' by 'c' and then applying the logarithm.

Why is this helpful? Because it simplifies the process of working with complex logarithmic expressions, allowing them to be represented in a more manageable form, which is often required in algebraic simplification or solving equations.
Logarithmic Expressions
Logarithms turn the process of multiplication and division into addition and subtraction. They are like translators that convert the language of exponents into simpler terms. A logarithmic expression is essentially an equation that describes the power to which you need to raise a base number to obtain another number.

Typically represented as \(\log_b (x)\), where 'b' is the base and 'x' is the number we’re finding the log of. For our educational journey, envision that 'x' is the land we want to explore, and 'b' is our reliable vehicle. The power, or the logarithm, tells us how far we've traveled to reach the destination 'x'. No matter how complex the terrain, understanding this log expression prepares us to navigate through it.
Properties of Logarithms
Much like properties of basic arithmetic, properties of logarithms are rules that make working with log expressions less intimidating and more systematic. Among these properties, we've seen the quotient rule in action. But there are more allies in our toolkit: the product rule, which says \(\log_b (mn) = \log_b (m) + \log_b (n)\), lets us break down the logarithm of a product into a sum of logarithms.

Then there's the power rule, which tells us \(\log_b (m^n) = n \times \log_b (m)\); this magically turns the power of a number inside a logarithm into a multiplier on the outside. And let's not forget the change of base formula for those moments when we need to convert our logs to a more familiar base. Knowing these properties empowers us to manipulate logarithmic expressions with grace and agility, transforming them into forms that reveal their secrets more readily.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A cup of water at an initial temperature of \(78^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is placed in a room at a constant temperature of \(21^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The temperature of the water is measured every 5 minutes during a half-hour period. The results are recorded as ordered pairs of the form \((t, T),\) where \(t\) is the time (in minutes) and \(T\) is the temperature (in degrees Celsius). $$\begin{aligned} &\left(0,78.0^{\circ}\right),\left(5,66.0^{\circ}\right),\left(10,57.5^{\circ}\right),\left(15,51.2^{\circ}\right)\\\ &\left(20,46.3^{\circ}\right),\left(25,42.4^{\circ}\right),\left(30,39.6^{\circ}\right) \end{aligned}$$ (a) The graph of the model for the data should be asymptotic with the graph of the temperature of the room. Subtract the room temperature from each of the temperatures in the ordered pairs. Use a graphing utility to plot the data points \((t, T)\) and \((t, T-21)\). (b) An exponential model for the data \((t, T-21)\) is given by \(T-21=54.4(0.964)^{t} .\) Solve for \(T\) and graph the model. Compare the result with the plot of the original data. (c) Take the natural logarithms of the revised temperatures. Use the graphing utility to plot the points \((t, \ln (T-21))\) and observe that the points appear to be linear. Use the regression feature of the graphing utility to fit a line to these data. This resulting line has the form \(\ln (T-21)=a t+b\) Solve for \(T,\) and verify that the result is equivalent to the model in part (b). (d) Fit a rational model to the data. Take the reciprocals of the \(y\) -coordinates of the revised data points to generate the points $$\left(t, \frac{1}{T-21}\right)$$. Use the graphing utility to graph these points and observe that they appear to be linear. Use the regression feature of the graphing utility to fit a line to these data. The resulting line has the form $$\frac{1}{T-21}=a t+b$$. Solve for \(T,\) and use the graphing utility to graph the rational function and the original data points. (e) Why did taking the logarithms of the temperatures lead to a linear scatter plot? Why did taking the reciprocals of the temperatures lead to a linear scatter plot?

Use the properties of logarithms to expand the expression as a sum, difference, and or constant multiple of logarithms. (Assume all variables are positive.) $$\ln \sqrt{\frac{x^{2}}{y^{3}}}$$

Solve the logarithmic equation algebraically. Approximate the result to three decimal places. $$2+3 \ln x=12$$

The number \(N\) of trees of a given species per acre is approximated by the model \(N=68\left(10^{-0.04 x}\right)\) \(5 \leq x \leq 40,\) where \(x\) is the average diameter of the trees (in inches) 3 feet above the ground. Use the model to approximate the average diameter of the trees in a test plot when \(N=21\)

Condense the expression to the logarithm of a single quantity. $$\frac{1}{3}\left[2 \ln (x+3)+\ln x-\ln \left(x^{2}-1\right)\right]$$

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