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Solve the inequalities. Suggestion: A calculator may be useful for approximating key numbers. $$2 x^{3}-9 x^{2}+4 x \geq 0$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The solution is \([0, \infty)\).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Type of Inequality

The inequality given is a cubic polynomial inequality: \(2x^3 - 9x^2 + 4x \geq 0\). This involves a polynomial of degree three, so it might have up to three real zeros or solutions where the inequality equals zero.
02

Factor the Cubic Polynomial

Start by factoring the polynomial, if possible. Look for common factors or use techniques like synthetic division or the Rational Root Theorem to find any real zeros. However, in this case, a calculator or graphing tool may be useful to help identify approximate solutions or zeros of this cubic polynomial.
03

Solve the Cubic Equation

Using roots found from factoring or using a calculator, solve the equation \(2x^3 - 9x^2 + 4x = 0\). Suppose a graphing calculator reveals that the roots are approximately \(x = 0\), \(x = 0.5\), and \(x = 4\). The factorized form will be \(x(2x - 1)(x - 4) = 0\).
04

Determine Interval Signs

Plot the solutions on a number line, dividing the number line into intervals: \((-\infty, 0)\), \((0, 0.5)\), \((0.5, 4)\), and \((4, \infty)\). Choose test points in each interval to determine if they satisfy the inequality. Test, for instance, \(x = -1\), \(x = 0.25\), \(x = 1\), and \(x = 5\).
05

Test Interval Points

Substitute each test point into the inequality \(2x^3 - 9x^2 + 4x \geq 0\):- For \(x = -1\), the expression is negative.- For \(x = 0.25\), the expression is positive.- For \(x = 1\), the expression is also positive.- For \(x = 5\), the expression is positive.Thus, the inequality holds for intervals \((0, 0.5)\), \((0.5, 4)\), and \((4, \infty)\).
06

Include the Zeros

Since the original inequality is non-strict (\(\geq\)), the zeros \(x = 0\), \(x = 0.5\), and \(x = 4\) are included in the solution set.
07

Finalize the Solution

Combine the intervals where the inequality holds and include the zeros: the solution is the union of \([0, 0.5] \cup [0.5, 4] \cup [4, \infty)\), or simply \([0, \infty)\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Factoring Polynomials
To solve the inequality involving the cubic polynomial \(2x^3 - 9x^2 + 4x \geq 0\), it's beneficial to start by factoring the polynomial. Factoring transforms the complex polynomial into a series of simpler expressions, which makes it easier to find solutions or zeros where the inequality equals zero.

When factoring polynomials, look for common factors first. In our cubic polynomial, you can factor out \(x\), which gives us \(x(2x^2 - 9x + 4)\). From here, finding the roots of \(2x^2 - 9x + 4\) can be complex, and it's helpful to use tools like the Rational Root Theorem or synthetic division. However, for polynomials that do not factor easily like this one, using a graphing calculator can help identify approximate real zeros instead.
Graphing Calculator Use
A graphing calculator is a handy tool for understanding the behavior of complex polynomials like \(2x^3 - 9x^2 + 4x\). It assists in visualizing the roots and understanding where the polynomial is above or below the x-axis.

By inputting the polynomial into a graphing calculator, you can observe the graph's intercepts with the x-axis, giving a clear visual cue of the real zeros. For our polynomial, the graph indicates zeros at approximately \(x = 0\), \(x = 0.5\), and \(x = 4\). Understanding where a polynomial crosses or touches the x-axis helps to determine where it is positive or negative, crucial for solving inequalities.

Besides aiding in locating zeros, a graphing calculator simplifies complex calculations and saves time, especially when handling polynomials with higher degrees or coefficients.
Interval Testing
Interval testing is an essential step in determining where a polynomial inequality, such as \(2x^3 - 9x^2 + 4x \geq 0\), holds true. Once you've identified the roots, they can be plotted on a number line, dividing the line into distinct intervals. For this polynomial, the intervals are \((-\infty, 0)\), \((0, 0.5)\), \((0.5, 4)\), and \((4, \infty)\).

Next, choose test points within each interval. Substituting these points into the polynomial shows whether the polynomial's value is positive or negative in that interval. For instance:
  • For \(x = -1\), the calculation yields a negative value.
  • For \(x = 0.25\), the result is positive, indicating the polynomial is positive in this interval.
  • This process confirms the intervals over which the polynomial remains greater or equal to zero.
This method provides a systematic approach to ensuring the inequality holds over the correct intervals.
Real Zeros of Polynomial
The real zeros of a polynomial represent the x-values where the polynomial equals zero. These zeros are crucial for solving polynomial inequalities because they help define the critical points on the number line.

For the polynomial \(2x^3 - 9x^2 + 4x\), the real zeros are \(x = 0\), \(x = 0.5\), and \(x = 4\). These are found using a combination of calculator visualization or factoring. Understanding these zeros helps you identify the solution set for the inequality. In this problem, the polynomial equals zero at these points, which are included in the solution set because the inequality is non-strict (\(\geq\)).

By including these zeros, the solution is extended to intervals that touch these points, turning the final solution into \([0, \infty)\). Real zeros help structure the analysis and ensure each step of solving the inequality is considered with precision.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Determine all of the real-number solutions for each equation. (Remember to check for extraneous solutions.) $$\sqrt{1-3 x}=2$$

Solve the inequalities Suggestion: A calculator may be useful for approximating key numbers. $$(x-2)^{2}(3 x+1)^{3}(3 x-1)>0$$

Solve the inequalities. Suggestion: A calculator may be useful for approximating key numbers. $$\frac{2}{x}<\frac{x}{2}$$

Use the discriminant to determine how many real roots each equation has. $$x^{2}+\sqrt{3} x+\frac{3}{4}=0$$

Given two positive numbers \(a\) and \(b,\) we define the geometric mean (G.M.) and the arithmetic mean (A.M.) as follows: $$\text { G.M. }=\sqrt{a b} \quad \text { A.M. }=\frac{a+b}{2}$$ (a) Complete the table, using a calculator as necessary so that the entries in the third and fourth columns are in decimal form. $$\begin{array}{rrrr} & & \sqrt{a b} & (a+b) / 2 & \text { Which is larger, } \\ a & b & (G . M .) & (A . M .) & G . M . \text { or } A . M . ? \\ \hline 1 & 2 & & & \\ 1 & 3 & & & \\ 1 & 4 & & & \\ 2 & 3 & & & \\ 3 & 4 & & & \\ 5 & 10 & & & \\ 9 & 10 & & & \\ 99 & 100 & & & \\ 999 & 1000 & & & & \\ \hline \end{array}$$ (b) Prove that for all nonnegative numbers \(a\) and \(b\) we have $$\sqrt{a b} \leq \frac{a+b}{2}$$ Hint: Use the following property of inequalities: If \(x\) and \(y\) are nonnegative, then the inequality \(x \leq y\) is equivalent to \(x^{2} \leq y^{2}\) (c) Assuming that \(a=b\) (and that \(a\) and \(b\) are nonnegative), show that inequality (1) becomes an equality. (d) Assuming that \(a\) and \(b\) are nonnegative and that \(\sqrt{a b}=\frac{a+b}{2},\) show that \(a=b\) Remark: Parts (b) through (d) can be summarized as follows. For all nonnegative numbers \(a\) and \(b,\) we have \(\sqrt{a b} \leq \frac{a+b}{2},\) with equality holding if and only if \(a=b\) This result is known as the arithmetic- geometric mean inequality for two numbers. The mini project at the end of this section shows an application of this result.

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